LED dynamic lighting method based on synergistic regulation of color performance and non-visual effects

In lighting and display applications, traditional phosphor-converted LED is difficult to simultaneously ensure color rendering, chromaticity accuracy and non-visual effect control due to its inherent spectral energy distribution. Long-term exposure to high-intensity lighting affects human circadian rhythms. To address this issue, this paper proposes a dynamic control method based on the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). This method precisely controls the mixing ratio of five wavelengths of LED through pulse width modulation (PWM) technology, and realizes the dynamic adjustment of melanopic stimulation intensity while ensuring accurate color rendering. Experimently, the optimal combination of comprehensive evaluation was selected from 27 LEDs by least-squares fitting, with its peak wavelength covered 450–650 nm. The Melanopic to Photopic Ratio (M/P Ratio) was optimized in different directions in the temperature ranges of 2700–5000 K and 4000–6500 K, and the spectral output strategy was adaptively adjusted according to different chromaticity deviation levels. Our results demonstrate that under excellent color rendering conditions with the Television Lighting Consistency Index (TLCI) greater than 80, the optimization of the M/P Ratio increases by 19.4 % compared to natural reference illuminants in the low Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) range and by 15.3 % in the high CCT range, with CCT matching accuracy within 50 K and chromaticity distance below 0.007. This performance significantly outperforms both conventional white LEDs and daylight references.