Clinical Application of Finite Element Analysis in Meniscus Diseases: A Comprehensive Review

In recent years, finite element analysis has advanced significantly in the clinical study of meniscus diseases. As a numerical simulation technique, finite element analysis provides accurate biomechanical information for diagnosing and treating orthopedic conditions. Compared to traditional methods, finite element analysis is more efficient, convenient, and economical, generating precise data to validate models, guide designs, and optimize clinical protocols. However, there is currently a lack of reviews investigating finite element analysis’s application in meniscal studies. This review addresses this gap by examining current research and practices. It begins by discussing the biomechanical value of finite element analysis in meniscal anatomy and diseases. To thoroughly evaluate the application of finite element analysis in meniscus tear injuries, congenital meniscus abnormalities, and the development of artificial meniscus implants, we explore various research directions from a medical perspective: bionic design, treatment strategy comparison, modeling optimization, prognostic prediction, damage process simulation, damage state analysis, and specific movement investigation. The findings indicate that while finite element analysis shows substantial promise in meniscal research and treatment, challenges remain in establishing standardized experimental protocols and achieving clinical translation. Finally, the paper explored potential directions that may advance the application of finite element analysis in the medical field.