{"title":"男性性腺功能减退和睾酮替代疗法","authors":"Leighton J Seal","doi":"10.1016/j.mpmed.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The causes of male hypogonadism can be classified into primary (testicular) and secondary (central). This review discusses the indications for testosterone replacement therapy, provides a practical clinical guide to managing this therapy and reviews its use in non-gonadal illness such as HIV. It summarizes the preparations available for testosterone replacement, with an emphasis on newer delivery systems, and discusses the adverse effects of testosterone treatment, including prostate cancer and polycythaemia. Recent studies on the safety of testosterone with regard to cardiovascular safety and thromboembolism are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74157,"journal":{"name":"Medicine (Abingdon, England : UK ed.)","volume":"53 10","pages":"Pages 638-643"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Male hypogonadism and testosterone replacement therapy\",\"authors\":\"Leighton J Seal\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.mpmed.2025.07.004\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>The causes of male hypogonadism can be classified into primary (testicular) and secondary (central). This review discusses the indications for testosterone replacement therapy, provides a practical clinical guide to managing this therapy and reviews its use in non-gonadal illness such as HIV. It summarizes the preparations available for testosterone replacement, with an emphasis on newer delivery systems, and discusses the adverse effects of testosterone treatment, including prostate cancer and polycythaemia. Recent studies on the safety of testosterone with regard to cardiovascular safety and thromboembolism are discussed.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":74157,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Medicine (Abingdon, England : UK ed.)\",\"volume\":\"53 10\",\"pages\":\"Pages 638-643\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-10-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Medicine (Abingdon, England : UK ed.)\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1357303925001823\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Medicine (Abingdon, England : UK ed.)","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1357303925001823","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Male hypogonadism and testosterone replacement therapy
The causes of male hypogonadism can be classified into primary (testicular) and secondary (central). This review discusses the indications for testosterone replacement therapy, provides a practical clinical guide to managing this therapy and reviews its use in non-gonadal illness such as HIV. It summarizes the preparations available for testosterone replacement, with an emphasis on newer delivery systems, and discusses the adverse effects of testosterone treatment, including prostate cancer and polycythaemia. Recent studies on the safety of testosterone with regard to cardiovascular safety and thromboembolism are discussed.
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