当前纯电子烟使用者、当前纯卷烟使用者和从不使用任何一种产品的使用者之间呼吸性喘息的差异:一项基于人群的研究结果

IF 4 2区 社会学 Q1 SUBSTANCE ABUSE
Yusuff Adebayo Adebisi, Najim Z Alshahrani, Lucia Spicuzza, Francesco Pennisi, Giulio Geraci, Giulio Giacono Cantone, Venera Tomaselli, Riccardo Polosa
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:电子烟已成为可燃香烟的替代品,但它们对呼吸道症状的相对影响仍不确定。我们调查了当前独家电子烟使用者、当前独家吸烟者和从不使用任何产品的人之间自我报告的喘息的横断面差异。方法:我们分析了2017-2019年苏格兰健康调查中9000名年龄≥16岁的成年人的数据。暴露是当前的尼古丁使用状况(仅吸烟、仅使用电子烟或从不使用),结果是过去12个月内自我报告的喘息。二元多变量logistic回归估计校正优势比(ORs), 95%置信区间(ci),控制了年龄、性别、地区水平的社会经济剥夺、长期疾病、医生诊断的哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺病、自我评估的一般健康状况、饮酒、开始吸烟的年龄和接触二手烟。结果:与只吸电子烟的人相比,只吸电子烟的人患喘息的几率明显更高(调整后OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.33-2.42, p)。结论:只吸电子烟的人患喘息的几率比从不吸电子烟的人高,而只吸电子烟的人患喘息的几率比不吸电子烟的人低。这些发现表明,虽然完全戒烟仍然是风险最低的选择,但使用电子烟可能比吸烟造成的呼吸道症状更少,特别是对于中度至重度吸烟者。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Differences in respiratory wheezing between current exclusive e-cigarette users, current exclusive cigarette smokers, and never users of either product: findings from a population-based study.

Background: E-cigarettes have emerged as an alternative to combustible cigarettes, yet their comparative impact on respiratory symptoms remains uncertain. We investigated cross-sectional differences in self-reported wheezing between current exclusive e-cigarette users, current exclusive cigarette smokers, and never-users of either product.

Methods: We analysed data from 9000 adults aged ≥ 16 years in the 2017-2019 Scottish Health Survey. The exposure was current nicotine use status (exclusive cigarette smoking, exclusive e-cigarette use, or never-use), and the outcome was self-reported wheezing in the past 12 months. Binary multivariable logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), controlling for age, sex, area-level socioeconomic deprivation, longstanding illness, doctor-diagnosed asthma and COPD, self-rated general health, alcohol consumption, age of smoking initiation, and exposure to second-hand smoke.

Results: Compared to exclusive e-cigarette users, exclusive cigarette smokers had significantly higher odds of wheezing (adjusted OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.33-2.42, p < 0.001). Never-users had lower odds of wheezing than exclusive e-cigarette users, though the difference was not significant (adjusted OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.31-1.40, p = 0.275). Among exclusive cigarette smokers, the odds of wheezing increased with smoking intensity relative to exclusive e-cigarette users, indicating a dose-response relationship (χ² = 5.91, p = 0.018). Specifically, light smokers (< 10 cigarettes/day) had elevated but not significant odds (adjusted OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 0.92-1.89, p = 0.133), while moderate smokers (10-19 cigarettes/day) showed higher odds (adjusted OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.33-2.59, p < 0.001), and heavy smokers (≥ 20 cigarettes/day) had the greatest odds (adjusted OR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.57-3.28, p < 0.001). Adjusted predicted probabilities of wheezing mirrored this pattern: compared with exclusive e-cigarette users, probabilities were significantly higher for moderate smokers (+ 7.2%, p = 0.002) and heavy smokers (+ 10.0%, p < 0.001), but not for light smokers (+ 3.0%, p = 0.152) or never-users (-3.9%, p = 0.306).

Conclusions: Exclusive e-cigarette use was not associated with higher odds of wheezing compared with never-use, and it was linked to substantially lower odds than exclusive cigarette smoking. These findings suggest that, while complete abstinence remains the lowest-risk option, e-cigarette use may pose fewer respiratory symptoms than smoking, particularly for moderate-to-heavy smokers.

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来源期刊
Harm Reduction Journal
Harm Reduction Journal Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
9.10%
发文量
126
审稿时长
26 weeks
期刊介绍: Harm Reduction Journal is an Open Access, peer-reviewed, online journal whose focus is on the prevalent patterns of psychoactive drug use, the public policies meant to control them, and the search for effective methods of reducing the adverse medical, public health, and social consequences associated with both drugs and drug policies. We define "harm reduction" as "policies and programs which aim to reduce the health, social, and economic costs of legal and illegal psychoactive drug use without necessarily reducing drug consumption". We are especially interested in studies of the evolving patterns of drug use around the world, their implications for the spread of HIV/AIDS and other blood-borne pathogens.
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