Dennis Bardoe, Daniel Hayford, Isaac Owusu-Mensah, Robert Bagngmen Bio
{"title":"孕产妇免疫预防新生儿破伤风：来自加纳普鲁东市横断面研究的见解。","authors":"Dennis Bardoe, Daniel Hayford, Isaac Owusu-Mensah, Robert Bagngmen Bio","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2025-003200","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although neonatal tetanus (NNT) has been eliminated in most countries, it remains prevalent in settings where poor hygiene during delivery and low maternal tetanus immunisation coverage persist. Protection against NNT requires at least two doses of tetanus-diphtheria vaccine (Td2+) during pregnancy. In Ghana, despite ongoing elimination efforts, 82 cases of NNT were reported in 2023, highlighting the need to address emerging gaps in surveillance and coverage. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with Td2+ uptake among pregnant women in Pru East Municipality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 456 pregnant women from 22nd January to 15th April 2024. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, with Td2+ uptake verified from ANC cards. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression were performed in STATA 14. Variables with p ≤ 0.25 were adjusted in the multivariate model with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were calculated to estimate the strength of association between explanatory variables and Td2+ uptake after controlling for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, uptake of Td2+ was 70.2% (95% CI: 66.01-74.4). Uptake was linked to early ANC visits [1st (AOR = 2.95) and 2nd (AOR = 2.54)], listening to the radio daily (AOR = 9.23) or weekly (AOR = 4.65), watching television daily (AOR = 1.71) or once a day (AOR = 17.13), frequent internet use (AOR = 1.47), long distance to health facility (AOR = 1.57), high (AOR = 2.47) or moderate (AOR = 3.44) knowledge, good (AOR = 2.26) or fair (AOR = 3.37) attitude, rural residence (AOR = 1.85), being married (AOR = 2.85), formal education (AOR = 2.23), and employment (AOR = 4.27).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 70.2% uptake of Td2+ was below the 80% target for every district. Achieving the recommended coverage target requires strengthening community outreach, improving health education and improving maternal service accessibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":101362,"journal":{"name":"BMJ public health","volume":"3 2","pages":"e003200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12481324/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Maternal immunisation towards prevention of neonatal tetanus: insights from a cross-sectional study in Pru East Municipality, Ghana.\",\"authors\":\"Dennis Bardoe, Daniel Hayford, Isaac Owusu-Mensah, Robert Bagngmen Bio\",\"doi\":\"10.1136/bmjph-2025-003200\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although neonatal tetanus (NNT) has been eliminated in most countries, it remains prevalent in settings where poor hygiene during delivery and low maternal tetanus immunisation coverage persist. Protection against NNT requires at least two doses of tetanus-diphtheria vaccine (Td2+) during pregnancy. In Ghana, despite ongoing elimination efforts, 82 cases of NNT were reported in 2023, highlighting the need to address emerging gaps in surveillance and coverage. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with Td2+ uptake among pregnant women in Pru East Municipality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 456 pregnant women from 22nd January to 15th April 2024. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, with Td2+ uptake verified from ANC cards. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression were performed in STATA 14. Variables with p ≤ 0.25 were adjusted in the multivariate model with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were calculated to estimate the strength of association between explanatory variables and Td2+ uptake after controlling for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, uptake of Td2+ was 70.2% (95% CI: 66.01-74.4). Uptake was linked to early ANC visits [1st (AOR = 2.95) and 2nd (AOR = 2.54)], listening to the radio daily (AOR = 9.23) or weekly (AOR = 4.65), watching television daily (AOR = 1.71) or once a day (AOR = 17.13), frequent internet use (AOR = 1.47), long distance to health facility (AOR = 1.57), high (AOR = 2.47) or moderate (AOR = 3.44) knowledge, good (AOR = 2.26) or fair (AOR = 3.37) attitude, rural residence (AOR = 1.85), being married (AOR = 2.85), formal education (AOR = 2.23), and employment (AOR = 4.27).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 70.2% uptake of Td2+ was below the 80% target for every district. Achieving the recommended coverage target requires strengthening community outreach, improving health education and improving maternal service accessibility.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":101362,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"BMJ public health\",\"volume\":\"3 2\",\"pages\":\"e003200\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-29\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12481324/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"BMJ public health\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2025-003200\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"BMJ public health","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2025-003200","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Maternal immunisation towards prevention of neonatal tetanus: insights from a cross-sectional study in Pru East Municipality, Ghana.
Background: Although neonatal tetanus (NNT) has been eliminated in most countries, it remains prevalent in settings where poor hygiene during delivery and low maternal tetanus immunisation coverage persist. Protection against NNT requires at least two doses of tetanus-diphtheria vaccine (Td2+) during pregnancy. In Ghana, despite ongoing elimination efforts, 82 cases of NNT were reported in 2023, highlighting the need to address emerging gaps in surveillance and coverage. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with Td2+ uptake among pregnant women in Pru East Municipality.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 456 pregnant women from 22nd January to 15th April 2024. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, with Td2+ uptake verified from ANC cards. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression were performed in STATA 14. Variables with p ≤ 0.25 were adjusted in the multivariate model with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were calculated to estimate the strength of association between explanatory variables and Td2+ uptake after controlling for potential confounders.
Results: Overall, uptake of Td2+ was 70.2% (95% CI: 66.01-74.4). Uptake was linked to early ANC visits [1st (AOR = 2.95) and 2nd (AOR = 2.54)], listening to the radio daily (AOR = 9.23) or weekly (AOR = 4.65), watching television daily (AOR = 1.71) or once a day (AOR = 17.13), frequent internet use (AOR = 1.47), long distance to health facility (AOR = 1.57), high (AOR = 2.47) or moderate (AOR = 3.44) knowledge, good (AOR = 2.26) or fair (AOR = 3.37) attitude, rural residence (AOR = 1.85), being married (AOR = 2.85), formal education (AOR = 2.23), and employment (AOR = 4.27).
Conclusion: The 70.2% uptake of Td2+ was below the 80% target for every district. Achieving the recommended coverage target requires strengthening community outreach, improving health education and improving maternal service accessibility.
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