{"title":"自身免疫性重症肌无力","authors":"Vern C Juel","doi":"10.1212/cont.0000000000001612","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This article reviews the diagnosis and management of autoimmune myasthenia gravis (MG), encompassing epidemiology, clinical features including disease heterogeneity, pathophysiology, and therapeutic approaches.</p><p><strong>Latest developments: </strong>Recent advances in MG pathophysiology and clinical outcome measures have catalyzed the development of novel therapies, including complement and neonatal Fc receptor inhibitors, which target specific components of the autoimmune attack on the muscle endplate.</p><p><strong>Essential points: </strong>Patients with MG exhibit fluctuating muscle weakness. Diagnosis is confirmed by acetylcholine receptor or muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) antibodies, electrodiagnostic testing, or both. Management involves tailored combinations of therapies based on patient and MG-specific factors. The treatment of patients with MG with exclusively ocular weakness, thymoma, child-bearing potential, myasthenic crisis, or MG related to cancer immunotherapy has unique considerations. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to restore neuromuscular function and minimize treatment-related complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":52475,"journal":{"name":"CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology","volume":"31 5","pages":"1270-1302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis.\",\"authors\":\"Vern C Juel\",\"doi\":\"10.1212/cont.0000000000001612\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This article reviews the diagnosis and management of autoimmune myasthenia gravis (MG), encompassing epidemiology, clinical features including disease heterogeneity, pathophysiology, and therapeutic approaches.</p><p><strong>Latest developments: </strong>Recent advances in MG pathophysiology and clinical outcome measures have catalyzed the development of novel therapies, including complement and neonatal Fc receptor inhibitors, which target specific components of the autoimmune attack on the muscle endplate.</p><p><strong>Essential points: </strong>Patients with MG exhibit fluctuating muscle weakness. Diagnosis is confirmed by acetylcholine receptor or muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) antibodies, electrodiagnostic testing, or both. Management involves tailored combinations of therapies based on patient and MG-specific factors. The treatment of patients with MG with exclusively ocular weakness, thymoma, child-bearing potential, myasthenic crisis, or MG related to cancer immunotherapy has unique considerations. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to restore neuromuscular function and minimize treatment-related complications.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":52475,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology\",\"volume\":\"31 5\",\"pages\":\"1270-1302\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-10-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1212/cont.0000000000001612\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/10/2 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"Medicine\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1212/cont.0000000000001612","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/10/2 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Medicine","Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This article reviews the diagnosis and management of autoimmune myasthenia gravis (MG), encompassing epidemiology, clinical features including disease heterogeneity, pathophysiology, and therapeutic approaches.
Latest developments: Recent advances in MG pathophysiology and clinical outcome measures have catalyzed the development of novel therapies, including complement and neonatal Fc receptor inhibitors, which target specific components of the autoimmune attack on the muscle endplate.
Essential points: Patients with MG exhibit fluctuating muscle weakness. Diagnosis is confirmed by acetylcholine receptor or muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) antibodies, electrodiagnostic testing, or both. Management involves tailored combinations of therapies based on patient and MG-specific factors. The treatment of patients with MG with exclusively ocular weakness, thymoma, child-bearing potential, myasthenic crisis, or MG related to cancer immunotherapy has unique considerations. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to restore neuromuscular function and minimize treatment-related complications.
期刊介绍：
Continue your professional development on your own schedule with Continuum: Lifelong Learning in Neurology®, the American Academy of Neurology" self-study continuing medical education publication. Six times a year you"ll learn from neurology"s experts in a convenient format for home or office. Each issue includes diagnostic and treatment outlines, clinical case studies, a topic-relevant ethics case, detailed patient management problem, and a multiple-choice self-assessment examination.
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