TEAD3 +高危黑色素瘤细胞通过GAS6- tyro3配体-受体轴与GAS6 +巨噬细胞串扰,调节丙酸代谢,驱动黑色素瘤进展。

IF 12.8 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY
Yongjin Fang, Xiaofan Xu, Rihui Lu, Ye Huang, Xinshen Dai, Pucheng Huang, Xuefeng Fu, Pan Zhuge
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:黑色素瘤是一种高度异质性的恶性肿瘤,由于不明确的分子和代谢驱动因素,传统治疗仍然难以治愈。短链脂肪酸(SCFA)代谢影响肿瘤进展,但其在黑色素瘤亚型和临床结果中的作用尚不清楚。本研究旨在描述由SCFA代谢失调驱动的黑色素瘤亚群,并确定其侵袭性的机制。方法:基于scfa相关基因集(GO:0019745, GO:0019746, GO:0006085),采用非负矩阵分解(NMF)方法将468例TCGA黑色素瘤样本分为6个亚组。通过生存、差异表达和通路分析来确定高危亚组的特征。通过CRISPR/Cas9、siRNA敲低和免疫组织化学验证关键驱动因素。单细胞RNA-seq (GSE215120)和空间转录组学阐明肿瘤-微环境串扰。代谢分析、海马实验和髓细胞特异性GAS6敲除模型被用来剖析其机制。结果:NMF聚类揭示了短链脂肪酸(SCFA)代谢失调和生存不良的高风险亚型(第6组)。第6组GLTP和RAPGEFL1表达上调,在黑色素形成、Hippo信号和皮肤/脂质代谢途径中富集。综合分析发现TEAD3是一个关键的风险驱动因素,其高表达与预后不良相关。功能验证表明,TEAD3基因敲除可抑制黑色素瘤的增殖、迁移和上皮-间质转化(EMT)。肢端黑色素瘤的单细胞RNA测序显示tead3富集的肿瘤细胞通过GAS6-TYRO3轴与M2巨噬细胞相互作用。在机制上,GAS6 +巨噬细胞表现出高代谢表型(糖酵解/OXPHOS升高),促进GAS6的分泌。TEAD3 +细胞中的GAS6-TYRO3信号通过重组丙酸代谢驱动肿瘤侵袭性,通过Mmut上调诱导甲基丙二酸积累。在骨髓特异性GAS6敲除小鼠中靶向这条轴可增强抗pd -1的功效,促进CD8 + T细胞的浸润和存活。结论:我们定义了一种tead3驱动的黑色素瘤亚型,依赖于SCFA代谢重编程和M2巨噬细胞串扰。GAS6-TYRO3轴和mutt介导的甲基丙二酸积累是可操作的靶点。骨髓- gas6消融联合免疫检查点阻断克服了治疗抵抗,为高风险黑色素瘤提供了一种精确的治疗策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
TEAD3 + high-risk melanoma cells crosstalk with GAS6 + macrophages via the GAS6-TYRO3 ligand-receptor axis to modulate propionate metabolism and drive melanoma progression.

Background: Melanoma, a highly heterogeneous malignancy, remains refractory to conventional therapies due to poorly defined molecular and metabolic drivers. Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolism influences tumor progression, yet its role in melanoma subtypes and clinical outcomes is unclear. This study aims to delineate melanoma subgroups driven by SCFA metabolic dysregulation and identify mechanisms underlying their aggressiveness.

Methods: Using non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), we clustered 468 TCGA melanoma samples into six subgroups based on SCFA-related gene sets (GO:0019745, GO:0019746, GO:0006085). Survival, differential expression, and pathway analyses were performed to characterize high-risk subgroups. Key drivers were validated via CRISPR/Cas9, siRNA knockdown, and immunohistochemistry. Single-cell RNA-seq (GSE215120) and spatial transcriptomics elucidated tumor-microenvironment crosstalk. Metabolic profiling, Seahorse assays, and myeloid-specific GAS6 knockout models were employed to dissect mechanisms.

Results: NMF clustering revealing a high-risk subtype (Group 6) with dysregulated short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolism and poor survival. Group 6 exhibited upregulation of GLTP and RAPGEFL1, enrichment in melanogenesis, Hippo signaling, and skin/lipid metabolism pathways. Through integrative analysis, TEAD3 emerged as a key risk driver, with high expression correlating with poor prognosis. Functional validation demonstrated that TEAD3 knockout suppressed melanoma proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and in vivo. Single-cell RNA sequencing of acral melanoma revealed TEAD3-enriched tumor cells interacting with M2 macrophages via the GAS6-TYRO3 axis. Mechanistically, GAS6 + macrophages exhibited hypermetabolic phenotypes (elevated glycolysis/OXPHOS) that fueled GAS6 secretion. GAS6-TYRO3 signaling in TEAD3 + cells drove tumor aggressiveness by rewiring propionate metabolism, inducing methylmalonic acid accumulation via Mmut upregulation. Targeting this axis in myeloid-specific GAS6 knockout mice enhanced anti-PD-1 efficacy, boosting CD8 + T cell infiltration and survival.

Conclusion: We define a TEAD3-driven melanoma subtype reliant on SCFA metabolic reprogramming and M2 macrophage crosstalk. The GAS6-TYRO3 axis and Mmut-mediated methylmalonic acid accumulation represent actionable targets. Combining myeloid-GAS6 ablation with immune checkpoint blockade overcomes therapy resistance, offering a precision strategy for high-risk melanoma.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
18.20
自引率
1.80%
发文量
333
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research is an esteemed peer-reviewed publication that focuses on cancer research, encompassing everything from fundamental discoveries to practical applications. We welcome submissions that showcase groundbreaking advancements in the field of cancer research, especially those that bridge the gap between laboratory findings and clinical implementation. Our goal is to foster a deeper understanding of cancer, improve prevention and detection strategies, facilitate accurate diagnosis, and enhance treatment options. We are particularly interested in manuscripts that shed light on the mechanisms behind the development and progression of cancer, including metastasis. Additionally, we encourage submissions that explore molecular alterations or biomarkers that can help predict the efficacy of different treatments or identify drug resistance. Translational research related to targeted therapies, personalized medicine, tumor immunotherapy, and innovative approaches applicable to clinical investigations are also of great interest to us. We provide a platform for the dissemination of large-scale molecular characterizations of human tumors and encourage researchers to share their insights, discoveries, and methodologies with the wider scientific community. By publishing high-quality research articles, reviews, and commentaries, the Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research strives to contribute to the continuous improvement of cancer care and make a meaningful impact on patients' lives.
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