Circularly Polarized Luminescence in Chiral Materials: Navigating Trade-Offs between Luminescence Dissymmetry Factor and Photoluminescence Quantum Yield

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials attract significant attention in both elementary research and industrial applications due to their distinctive optical properties and potential in various advanced technologies. In this review, a thorough summary of the developments in the field, focusing on the property-oriented design strategies, material innovations, and emerging applications is provided. A brief introduction to the fundamental theory of CPL is provided in the beginning. Then the primary strategies to enhancing dissymmetry factor and quantum yield are highlighted based on the traditional and emerging chiral structure, including thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecules, supramolecular assemblies, liquid crystal materials, lanthanide complexes, metal clusters, and perovskite materials. Furthermore, the diverse and impactful applications of CPL materials are overall investigated and reviewed, encompassing the 3D optical displays, information encryption and storage, biomedicine, and optoelectronic devices. Finally, an outlook on the challenges and perspectives will provide inspiration to drive the development of CPL materials.