Preparation of Cu@Ni-P Composite Powders with Core-Shell Structure and their High-Temperature Resistant Properties

First, dendritic copper powder with an average particle size of 9.941 μm is prepared from laboratory electroplating waste containing copper through the electrodeposition method. Subsequently, core-shell structured Cu@Ni-P composite powders are synthesized using the electroless plating method, focusing on investigating the effects of various factors on the properties of the composite powders. A variety of characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, are employed to conduct an in-depth analysis of the micromorphology and properties of the composite powders. The research results indicate that the composite powders prepared under conditions of 10% dispersant content, 40% nickel content, pH 5, a temperature controlled at 85 °C, and ultrasonic power of 300 W exhibit excellent oxidation resistance, with an initial oxidation temperature of ≈450 °C, significantly superior to that of pure copper powder. Additionally, the prepared composite powder maintains excellent electrical conductivity even at a high temperature of 350 °C.