Peiyu Zhang, Jiawen Zhou, Xinyang Li, Wenyong Wang, Tong Zhou, Peter Christie, Longhua Wu, Changyin Tan
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The average BVs of chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) were 81.3, 41.4, 41.4, 16.6, 0.34, 43.7, and 118.0 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. In FI, SI, and TI, soils were highly contaminated with Cd, Pb, Zn, and As, derived primarily from wastewater irrigation, occupying 58-73%; and Cr, Ni, and Cu mainly from natural sources, occupying 62-89%. UI was slightly contaminated with Cu, Cd, and Pb, derived mainly from atmospheric deposition (38-52%) and natural sources (34-44%). Cadmium posed high potential ecological risks in FI (93%) and SI (96%), and Cd and As represented a health risk to children in irrigated regions. Soil remediation should be prioritized in FI, then in SI and TI; Cd should be targeted first, followed by Pb, As, Cu and Zn. This systems approach offers scalable solutions for global mining landscapes threatened by legacy pollution and evolving irrigation practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":11759,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","volume":"47 11","pages":"464"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A geochemical baseline-source analysis-multidimensional risk assessment-management response framework for lead-zinc mining areas.\",\"authors\":\"Peiyu Zhang, Jiawen Zhou, Xinyang Li, Wenyong Wang, Tong Zhou, Peter Christie, Longhua Wu, Changyin Tan\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10653-025-02780-7\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Soil trace metal(loid) background values (BVs) are important in risk assessment, but regional BVs are difficult to obtain. Here, BVs in the Daqiao river basin were established using a cumulative frequency distribution approach with deep (> 100 cm) soil samples. A multidimensional risk assessment method evaluated the metal(loid) pollution and risks across three irrigated areas (first, FI; second, SI; and third, TI) and one unirrigated control area (UI). In addition, correlation analysis and positive matrix factorization were used to identify and quantify the pollution sources. The average BVs of chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) were 81.3, 41.4, 41.4, 16.6, 0.34, 43.7, and 118.0 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. In FI, SI, and TI, soils were highly contaminated with Cd, Pb, Zn, and As, derived primarily from wastewater irrigation, occupying 58-73%; and Cr, Ni, and Cu mainly from natural sources, occupying 62-89%. UI was slightly contaminated with Cu, Cd, and Pb, derived mainly from atmospheric deposition (38-52%) and natural sources (34-44%). 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A geochemical baseline-source analysis-multidimensional risk assessment-management response framework for lead-zinc mining areas.
Soil trace metal(loid) background values (BVs) are important in risk assessment, but regional BVs are difficult to obtain. Here, BVs in the Daqiao river basin were established using a cumulative frequency distribution approach with deep (> 100 cm) soil samples. A multidimensional risk assessment method evaluated the metal(loid) pollution and risks across three irrigated areas (first, FI; second, SI; and third, TI) and one unirrigated control area (UI). In addition, correlation analysis and positive matrix factorization were used to identify and quantify the pollution sources. The average BVs of chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) were 81.3, 41.4, 41.4, 16.6, 0.34, 43.7, and 118.0 mg kg-1, respectively. In FI, SI, and TI, soils were highly contaminated with Cd, Pb, Zn, and As, derived primarily from wastewater irrigation, occupying 58-73%; and Cr, Ni, and Cu mainly from natural sources, occupying 62-89%. UI was slightly contaminated with Cu, Cd, and Pb, derived mainly from atmospheric deposition (38-52%) and natural sources (34-44%). Cadmium posed high potential ecological risks in FI (93%) and SI (96%), and Cd and As represented a health risk to children in irrigated regions. Soil remediation should be prioritized in FI, then in SI and TI; Cd should be targeted first, followed by Pb, As, Cu and Zn. This systems approach offers scalable solutions for global mining landscapes threatened by legacy pollution and evolving irrigation practices.
期刊介绍：
Environmental Geochemistry and Health publishes original research papers and review papers across the broad field of environmental geochemistry. Environmental geochemistry and health establishes and explains links between the natural or disturbed chemical composition of the earth’s surface and the health of plants, animals and people.
Beneficial elements regulate or promote enzymatic and hormonal activity whereas other elements may be toxic. Bedrock geochemistry controls the composition of soil and hence that of water and vegetation. Environmental issues, such as pollution, arising from the extraction and use of mineral resources, are discussed. The effects of contaminants introduced into the earth’s geochemical systems are examined. Geochemical surveys of soil, water and plants show how major and trace elements are distributed geographically. Associated epidemiological studies reveal the possibility of causal links between the natural or disturbed geochemical environment and disease. Experimental research illuminates the nature or consequences of natural or disturbed geochemical processes.
The journal particularly welcomes novel research linking environmental geochemistry and health issues on such topics as: heavy metals (including mercury), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and mixed chemicals emitted through human activities, such as uncontrolled recycling of electronic-waste; waste recycling; surface-atmospheric interaction processes (natural and anthropogenic emissions, vertical transport, deposition, and physical-chemical interaction) of gases and aerosols; phytoremediation/restoration of contaminated sites; food contamination and safety; environmental effects of medicines; effects and toxicity of mixed pollutants; speciation of heavy metals/metalloids; effects of mining; disturbed geochemistry from human behavior, natural or man-made hazards; particle and nanoparticle toxicology; risk and the vulnerability of populations, etc.
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