{"title":"应急准备:最佳药品采购策略","authors":"Renbang Shan, Li Luo, Jie Xiang","doi":"10.1007/s10479-025-06677-7","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the purchasing decision-making of retail pharmacies when the potential for emergencies arises within a single cycle. Beyond accounting for conventional demand, retail pharmacies also need to plan for emergency demand. This paper employs the classic newsvendor model as a benchmark (PN) and explores three pre-purchasing strategies: a combination of conventional procurement and option procurement (POM), one-time procurement taking possible emergencies into account (PNO), a combination of conventional procurement and emergency procurement (PNE). Through an analysis of these procurement strategies, we find that, while POM usually performs better as a strategy, its position is affected by emergency shortage cost, exercise price, inventory cost, and the timing of emergency situations. Especially, exercise price changes does not always benefit retail pharmacies. Furthermore, neither PNO nor PNE provide any absolute advantages. PNO performs excellently when faced with higher emergency wholesale prices or lower emergency shortage costs. On the contrary, under certain conditions, PNE becomes a favorable choice for retail pharmacies. Specifically, when the emergency demand of retail pharmacies increases significantly, PNE is most suitable for retail pharmacies, while PNO is more advantageous when emergency situations occur near the end of the cycle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8215,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Operations Research","volume":"350 3","pages":"1207 - 1252"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Emergency preparedness: optimal pharmacy purchasing strategies\",\"authors\":\"Renbang Shan, Li Luo, Jie Xiang\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10479-025-06677-7\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>This study examines the purchasing decision-making of retail pharmacies when the potential for emergencies arises within a single cycle. Beyond accounting for conventional demand, retail pharmacies also need to plan for emergency demand. This paper employs the classic newsvendor model as a benchmark (PN) and explores three pre-purchasing strategies: a combination of conventional procurement and option procurement (POM), one-time procurement taking possible emergencies into account (PNO), a combination of conventional procurement and emergency procurement (PNE). Through an analysis of these procurement strategies, we find that, while POM usually performs better as a strategy, its position is affected by emergency shortage cost, exercise price, inventory cost, and the timing of emergency situations. Especially, exercise price changes does not always benefit retail pharmacies. Furthermore, neither PNO nor PNE provide any absolute advantages. PNO performs excellently when faced with higher emergency wholesale prices or lower emergency shortage costs. On the contrary, under certain conditions, PNE becomes a favorable choice for retail pharmacies. Specifically, when the emergency demand of retail pharmacies increases significantly, PNE is most suitable for retail pharmacies, while PNO is more advantageous when emergency situations occur near the end of the cycle.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":8215,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Annals of Operations Research\",\"volume\":\"350 3\",\"pages\":\"1207 - 1252\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-06-05\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Annals of Operations Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"91\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10479-025-06677-7\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"管理学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annals of Operations Research","FirstCategoryId":"91","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10479-025-06677-7","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examines the purchasing decision-making of retail pharmacies when the potential for emergencies arises within a single cycle. Beyond accounting for conventional demand, retail pharmacies also need to plan for emergency demand. This paper employs the classic newsvendor model as a benchmark (PN) and explores three pre-purchasing strategies: a combination of conventional procurement and option procurement (POM), one-time procurement taking possible emergencies into account (PNO), a combination of conventional procurement and emergency procurement (PNE). Through an analysis of these procurement strategies, we find that, while POM usually performs better as a strategy, its position is affected by emergency shortage cost, exercise price, inventory cost, and the timing of emergency situations. Especially, exercise price changes does not always benefit retail pharmacies. Furthermore, neither PNO nor PNE provide any absolute advantages. PNO performs excellently when faced with higher emergency wholesale prices or lower emergency shortage costs. On the contrary, under certain conditions, PNE becomes a favorable choice for retail pharmacies. Specifically, when the emergency demand of retail pharmacies increases significantly, PNE is most suitable for retail pharmacies, while PNO is more advantageous when emergency situations occur near the end of the cycle.
期刊介绍:
The Annals of Operations Research publishes peer-reviewed original articles dealing with key aspects of operations research, including theory, practice, and computation. The journal publishes full-length research articles, short notes, expositions and surveys, reports on computational studies, and case studies that present new and innovative practical applications.
In addition to regular issues, the journal publishes periodic special volumes that focus on defined fields of operations research, ranging from the highly theoretical to the algorithmic and the applied. These volumes have one or more Guest Editors who are responsible for collecting the papers and overseeing the refereeing process.