Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Magnesium Perchlorate Solutions in Aprotic Solvents

In this work, we used experimental and theoretical methods to study and analyze the physicochemical properties (density, ionic conductivity, self-diffusion coefficient, transport number of magnesium cations) and the structure of solvation shells of magnesium cations in solutions of magnesium perchlorate in oligoethers (diglyme, triglyme, tetraglyme), cyclic esters (propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate) and sulfones (sulfolane), as well as the solubility and temperatures of phase transitions. It was shown that the solubility of magnesium perchlorate in sulfolane, propylene carbonate and a propylene carbonate and ethylene carbonate mixture (1 : 1 vol %) are almost comparable and are in the range of 0.92–1.01 mol L^–1. It has been shown that a 0.5 M solution of magnesium perchlorate in a mixture of propylene carbonate and ethylene carbonate (1 : 1) has the highest ionic conductivity and is the most promising for use in magnesium-ion batteries among the solvents studied in this work.