Understanding of tile hollow sound

Humans hear the hollow by tapping, as the tile hollow sound embeds information about the potential risk of tile detachment, which is interpreted through auditory perception. Correspondingly, automated methods assess hollow by extracting the information embedded in digital sound, which acts as a silent narrator, conveying information through specific digital expressions. Understanding the expressions is key to accurately extracting information and identifying hollow sounds. The purpose of this study is to explore how the amplitude-frequency expression of digital sound conveys information about hollow and other factors, with an emphasis on the innovative use of hollow sound simulation, supported by experiments. The study found that controlling a consistent and required tapping force to obtain high-quality sounds is crucial to making the hollow information noticeable. In the amplitude-frequency representation of sound, the hollow information is expressed through a shift in the main peak frequency, where a lower frequency corresponds to a larger hollow. This offers a useful perspective for gaining a deeper understanding of hollow sound and improving the accuracy of hollow detection in future studies.