Incorporation effect of Ag-cobalt ferrite nanoparticles dopped 5 wt% graphene on structural, magnetic properties, antimicrobial, and anticancer activity assessment

Silver cobalt strontium ferrite nanoparticles Ag_xCo_0.5-xSr_0.5Fe₂O₄/5 %G (x = 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5) with 5 % graphene nanocomposite were prepared by sol-gel method. Effective instrumental measurements, e.g., XRD, Raman spectroscopy, HR-TEM, FE-SEM, and VSM, were applied to describe the fabricated nanomaterials. All samples were shown to be cubic crystalline structures with space group Fd3m, with crystallite size range ∼ (45–68 nm). Magnetically, all samples offered ferromagnetic behavior through investigation using VSM analysis. The antimicrobial activity of fabricated Ag-doped CoSrFe₂O₄/5 %G nanocomposite was assessed. Furthermore, variations in cell viability, morphology, protein breakdown, and oxidative stress were used to assess the toxicity of NCs. The oxidative stress in Ag-doped CoSrFe₂O₄/5 %G NCs is also demonstrated by the build-up of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione exhaustion. Interestingly, Ag-doped CoSrFe₂O₄/5 %G nanocomposite caused oxidative stress and ROS aging to cause cell death for E. coli. The effectiveness of synthetic silver nanoparticles versus E. Coli and S. aureus and their capacity to maintain cell viability and exhibit anticancer activity versus lung cancer cell line (A549). Furthermore, the synergistic and significant impact of both cobalt and silver in NCs was noticed against the malignant cell line A549.