巴基斯坦成年人的心理负担与应对策略:一项横断面调查研究。

IF 2.2
Madeeha Malik, Humaira Rehman, Azhar Hussain, Ayisha Hashmi, Khalid Ahmad Al-Sunaidar, Georgina Balogh, Márió Gajdács, Shazia Jamshed
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景/目标:心理健康状况是一个日益严重的全球健康问题,对巴基斯坦等低收入和中等收入国家的人口产生了不成比例的影响。有限的流行病学数据,加上最近的社会经济和环境破坏,加强了对巴基斯坦人口心理负担和应对能力的当前见解的需要。方法:对2023年1月至5月在伊斯兰堡和拉瓦尔品第门诊就诊的400名社区居民进行描述性横断面调查。采用结构化的75项问卷,结合有效工具(PHQ-9、GAD-7、WHO-5、CSES和SRQ-20)来评估抑郁、焦虑、幸福感、应对自我效能和精神困扰。采用IBM SPSS 22.0进行描述性统计、χ2、Fisher精确检验和Spearman秩相关分析。结果:调查对象以男性(73.0%)、25 ~ 34岁(60.0%)、城市居民(80.0%)居多。临床相关抑郁和焦虑分别占57.0%和19.5%;38.0%的人有精神困扰。相反,76.5%的人表现出尚可的应对效能,51.0%的人表现出较高的幸福感。年龄较小(≤34岁)、收入较高、城市居住和男性与较好的心理健康结果显著相关。PHQ-9与GAD-7评分呈显著正相关(rs = 0.672), GAD-7与WHO-5评分呈中度负相关(rs = -0.496), PHQ-9与WHO-5评分呈显著负相关(rs = -0.310)。结论:我们的研究结果突出了巴基斯坦城市成年人的重大心理负担,以及有希望的恢复力和应对自我效能水平。这些结果强调,迫切需要在门诊设置早期,文化适应的心理健康筛查和干预方案。将这些战略纳入初级保健,特别是针对妇女、老年人和低收入者等弱势亚群体,可以促进及时诊断,改善结果,并减少围绕精神卫生的耻辱感。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Psychological Burden and Coping Strategies Among Pakistani Adults: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Background/Objectives: Mental health conditions represent a growing global health concern, disproportionately impacting populations in low- and middle-income countries like Pakistan. Limited epidemiological data, coupled with recent socioeconomic and environmental disruptions, has intensified the need for current insights into psychological burden and coping capacities in the Pakistani population. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was conducted from January to May 2023 among 400 community-dwelling adults attending outpatient departments in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. A structured 75-item questionnaire incorporating validated tools (PHQ-9, GAD-7, WHO-5, CSES, and SRQ-20) was used to assess depression, anxiety, well-being, coping self-efficacy, and mental distress. Descriptive statistics, χ2 and Fisher's exact tests, and Spearman's rank correlation (rs) analyses were performed using IBM SPSS 22.0. Results: Most respondents were male (73.0%), aged 25-34 (60.0%), and urban-dwelling (80.0%). Clinically relevant depression and anxiety were observed in 57.0% and 19.5% of participants, respectively; 38.0% reported mental distress. Conversely, 76.5% demonstrated fair-to-good coping efficacy and 51.0% had high well-being scores. Younger age (≤34 years), higher income, urban residence, and male gender were associated with significantly better mental health outcomes. Strong positive correlation was found between PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores (rs = 0.672), and moderate negative correlations were found between GAD-7 and WHO-5 (rs = -0.496), and PHQ-9 and WHO-5 (rs = -0.310). Conclusions: Our findings highlight the significant psychological burden among urban Pakistani adults, alongside promising levels of resilience and coping self-efficacy. These results emphasize the urgent need for early, culturally adapted mental health screening and intervention programs in outpatient settings. Integrating such strategies into primary care, particularly for vulnerable subgroups like women, older adults, and those with lower income could facilitate timely diagnosis, improve outcomes, and reduce stigma surrounding mental health.

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CiteScore
3.60
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