W. Z. Sun, Z. K. Huang, Y. J. Lu, L. M. Liu, X. P. Zhang
{"title":"1400℃下SiC-SiO2-TiC-TiO2-CaO和SiC-CaO-TiO2边界体系的固相反应和相关系","authors":"W. Z. Sun, Z. K. Huang, Y. J. Lu, L. M. Liu, X. P. Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11106-025-00475-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is known that TiC can be formed as a result of solid-phase reactions in SiC–TiO<sub>2</sub>–CaO systems. To synthesize TiC-based ceramics or SiC/TiC multiphase ceramics using this reaction, it is first necessary to research the high-temperature physicochemical reactions and phase equilibrium relationships within the reaction system, which will serve as the basis for formulation optimization and process guidance. Therefore, solid-state reactions and phase equilibrium relations in the quinary SiC–SiO<sub>2</sub>–TiC–TiO<sub>2</sub>–CaO system and its boundary SiC–TiO<sub>2</sub>–CaO system at 1400°C were investigated through experiments and thermodynamic calculations. The results suggest that the system undergoes numerous high-temperature physicochemical reactions. First, TiO<sub>2</sub> reacted with SiC to form TiC through a displacement reaction: TiO<sub>2</sub> + SiC = TiC + SiO<sub>2</sub>. Then, SiO<sub>2</sub> immediately reacted with CaO, forming calcium silicates such as CaSiO<sub>3</sub>, Ca<sub>3</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>, Ca<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>, or Ca<sub>3</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub>. At the same time, excess TiO<sub>2</sub> and CaO react to form calcium titanates, such as CaTiO<sub>3</sub>, Ca<sub>3</sub>Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>, or CaTiSiO<sub>5</sub>. Experiments confirmed the equilibrium relations of TiC with salt-like compounds in the oxide SiO<sub>2</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>–CaO system, except for CaTiSiO<sub>5</sub>, which was not obtained due to the reduction of TiO<sub>2</sub> in the samples, resulting in the formation of Ca<sub>3</sub>Ti<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub> and Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. Upon meticulous examination of the phase relationships within the SiC–SiO<sub>2</sub>–CaO ternary system, it has been conclusively demonstrated that SiC coexists in equilibrium with all calcium silicate salts. The binary, ternary, and quaternary phase relationships within the system were successfully determined, and based on this, a tentative scheme of phase relationships in the SiC–SiO<sub>2</sub>–TiC–TiO<sub>2</sub>–CaO system was established. There are seven TiC-containing four-phase regions and six SiC/TiC-containing four-phase regions. These works would benefit compositionally designing MC ceramic and MC/SiC composites.</p>","PeriodicalId":742,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics","volume":"63 7-8","pages":"444 - 454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Solid-State Reactions and Phase Relationships in the Quinary SiC–SiO2–TiC–TiO2–CaO and Boundary SiC–CaO–TiO2 Systems at 1400°C\",\"authors\":\"W. Z. Sun, Z. K. Huang, Y. J. Lu, L. M. Liu, X. P. Zhang\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11106-025-00475-3\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>It is known that TiC can be formed as a result of solid-phase reactions in SiC–TiO<sub>2</sub>–CaO systems. To synthesize TiC-based ceramics or SiC/TiC multiphase ceramics using this reaction, it is first necessary to research the high-temperature physicochemical reactions and phase equilibrium relationships within the reaction system, which will serve as the basis for formulation optimization and process guidance. Therefore, solid-state reactions and phase equilibrium relations in the quinary SiC–SiO<sub>2</sub>–TiC–TiO<sub>2</sub>–CaO system and its boundary SiC–TiO<sub>2</sub>–CaO system at 1400°C were investigated through experiments and thermodynamic calculations. The results suggest that the system undergoes numerous high-temperature physicochemical reactions. First, TiO<sub>2</sub> reacted with SiC to form TiC through a displacement reaction: TiO<sub>2</sub> + SiC = TiC + SiO<sub>2</sub>. Then, SiO<sub>2</sub> immediately reacted with CaO, forming calcium silicates such as CaSiO<sub>3</sub>, Ca<sub>3</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>, Ca<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>, or Ca<sub>3</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub>. At the same time, excess TiO<sub>2</sub> and CaO react to form calcium titanates, such as CaTiO<sub>3</sub>, Ca<sub>3</sub>Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>, or CaTiSiO<sub>5</sub>. Experiments confirmed the equilibrium relations of TiC with salt-like compounds in the oxide SiO<sub>2</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>–CaO system, except for CaTiSiO<sub>5</sub>, which was not obtained due to the reduction of TiO<sub>2</sub> in the samples, resulting in the formation of Ca<sub>3</sub>Ti<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub> and Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. Upon meticulous examination of the phase relationships within the SiC–SiO<sub>2</sub>–CaO ternary system, it has been conclusively demonstrated that SiC coexists in equilibrium with all calcium silicate salts. The binary, ternary, and quaternary phase relationships within the system were successfully determined, and based on this, a tentative scheme of phase relationships in the SiC–SiO<sub>2</sub>–TiC–TiO<sub>2</sub>–CaO system was established. There are seven TiC-containing four-phase regions and six SiC/TiC-containing four-phase regions. These works would benefit compositionally designing MC ceramic and MC/SiC composites.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":742,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics\",\"volume\":\"63 7-8\",\"pages\":\"444 - 454\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-16\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"88\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11106-025-00475-3\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11106-025-00475-3","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Solid-State Reactions and Phase Relationships in the Quinary SiC–SiO2–TiC–TiO2–CaO and Boundary SiC–CaO–TiO2 Systems at 1400°C
It is known that TiC can be formed as a result of solid-phase reactions in SiC–TiO2–CaO systems. To synthesize TiC-based ceramics or SiC/TiC multiphase ceramics using this reaction, it is first necessary to research the high-temperature physicochemical reactions and phase equilibrium relationships within the reaction system, which will serve as the basis for formulation optimization and process guidance. Therefore, solid-state reactions and phase equilibrium relations in the quinary SiC–SiO2–TiC–TiO2–CaO system and its boundary SiC–TiO2–CaO system at 1400°C were investigated through experiments and thermodynamic calculations. The results suggest that the system undergoes numerous high-temperature physicochemical reactions. First, TiO2 reacted with SiC to form TiC through a displacement reaction: TiO2 + SiC = TiC + SiO2. Then, SiO2 immediately reacted with CaO, forming calcium silicates such as CaSiO3, Ca3Si2O7, Ca2SiO4, or Ca3SiO5. At the same time, excess TiO2 and CaO react to form calcium titanates, such as CaTiO3, Ca3Ti2O7, or CaTiSiO5. Experiments confirmed the equilibrium relations of TiC with salt-like compounds in the oxide SiO2–TiO2–CaO system, except for CaTiSiO5, which was not obtained due to the reduction of TiO2 in the samples, resulting in the formation of Ca3Ti2Si3O12 and Ti2O3. Upon meticulous examination of the phase relationships within the SiC–SiO2–CaO ternary system, it has been conclusively demonstrated that SiC coexists in equilibrium with all calcium silicate salts. The binary, ternary, and quaternary phase relationships within the system were successfully determined, and based on this, a tentative scheme of phase relationships in the SiC–SiO2–TiC–TiO2–CaO system was established. There are seven TiC-containing four-phase regions and six SiC/TiC-containing four-phase regions. These works would benefit compositionally designing MC ceramic and MC/SiC composites.
期刊介绍:
Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics covers topics of the theory, manufacturing technology, and properties of powder; technology of forming processes; the technology of sintering, heat treatment, and thermo-chemical treatment; properties of sintered materials; and testing methods.