{"title":"玻璃和大麻混合环氧树脂/MWCNT混合蜂窝芯夹层圆柱壳的力学特性、振动和屈曲分析","authors":"Banghua Xie, Xuefeng Song, Wenjun Chen, Kai Wu, Ananda Babu Arumugam, Mesfin Kebede Kassa","doi":"10.1186/s40712-025-00308-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the development and characterization of a novel multifunctional honeycomb core composite comprising multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-reinforced Hemp-Glass blended epoxy for advanced structural applications. The research employs dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), analytical modeling, FEM using higher-order shear deformation theory, and experimental validation to evaluate material properties and structural performance. Dynamic mechanical analysis demonstrated that 2% MWCNT specimens exhibited superior extension modulus at 40–50 °C, while 1% MWCNT specimens performed better above 65 °C. The transverse shear properties of MWCNT-filled specimens (0%, 1%, and 2% weight fractions) were systematically characterized, revealing storage shear moduli ranging from 105–135 MPa (Gxz direction) to 100-–125 MPa (Gyz direction). Finite element modeling of GFRP-skinned sandwich cylindrical shells revealed that the natural frequencies increased with MWCNT weight fraction due to enhanced transverse shear stiffness, while decreased shell curvature also improved frequencies through passive stiffness contributions. Temperature effects showed natural frequencies declining above 60 °C due to viscoelastic behavior, though MWCNT incorporation significantly preserved thermal stability by maintaining epoxy resin viscosity. Modal damping characteristics increased above 60 °C, reflecting enhanced viscoelastic behavior with MWCNT reinforcement. The critical buckling load analysis demonstrated progressive improvement with increasing MWCNT content, with 2% MWCNT specimens showing maximum buckling resistance up to 60 °C. The study revealed significant differences in natural frequencies and modal loss factors between various shell curvatures and temperatures, particularly under clamped boundary conditions. The successful integration of sustainable hemp fibers with high-performance glass fibers and MWCNT reinforcement presents a promising pathway for environmentally conscious composite materials without compromising structural performance, offering designers flexible solutions for wind turbine components, aerospace structures, helicopter blades, automotive parts, and advanced sporting equipment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":592,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://jmsg.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40712-025-00308-6","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Mechanical characterization, vibration, and buckling analyses of Glass & Hemp blended epoxy/MWCNT hybrid honeycomb core sandwich cylindrical shells\",\"authors\":\"Banghua Xie, Xuefeng Song, Wenjun Chen, Kai Wu, Ananda Babu Arumugam, Mesfin Kebede Kassa\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s40712-025-00308-6\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>This study investigates the development and characterization of a novel multifunctional honeycomb core composite comprising multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-reinforced Hemp-Glass blended epoxy for advanced structural applications. The research employs dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), analytical modeling, FEM using higher-order shear deformation theory, and experimental validation to evaluate material properties and structural performance. Dynamic mechanical analysis demonstrated that 2% MWCNT specimens exhibited superior extension modulus at 40–50 °C, while 1% MWCNT specimens performed better above 65 °C. The transverse shear properties of MWCNT-filled specimens (0%, 1%, and 2% weight fractions) were systematically characterized, revealing storage shear moduli ranging from 105–135 MPa (Gxz direction) to 100-–125 MPa (Gyz direction). Finite element modeling of GFRP-skinned sandwich cylindrical shells revealed that the natural frequencies increased with MWCNT weight fraction due to enhanced transverse shear stiffness, while decreased shell curvature also improved frequencies through passive stiffness contributions. Temperature effects showed natural frequencies declining above 60 °C due to viscoelastic behavior, though MWCNT incorporation significantly preserved thermal stability by maintaining epoxy resin viscosity. Modal damping characteristics increased above 60 °C, reflecting enhanced viscoelastic behavior with MWCNT reinforcement. The critical buckling load analysis demonstrated progressive improvement with increasing MWCNT content, with 2% MWCNT specimens showing maximum buckling resistance up to 60 °C. The study revealed significant differences in natural frequencies and modal loss factors between various shell curvatures and temperatures, particularly under clamped boundary conditions. The successful integration of sustainable hemp fibers with high-performance glass fibers and MWCNT reinforcement presents a promising pathway for environmentally conscious composite materials without compromising structural performance, offering designers flexible solutions for wind turbine components, aerospace structures, helicopter blades, automotive parts, and advanced sporting equipment.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":592,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering\",\"volume\":\"20 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-07-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://jmsg.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40712-025-00308-6\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40712-025-00308-6\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40712-025-00308-6","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Mechanical characterization, vibration, and buckling analyses of Glass & Hemp blended epoxy/MWCNT hybrid honeycomb core sandwich cylindrical shells
This study investigates the development and characterization of a novel multifunctional honeycomb core composite comprising multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-reinforced Hemp-Glass blended epoxy for advanced structural applications. The research employs dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), analytical modeling, FEM using higher-order shear deformation theory, and experimental validation to evaluate material properties and structural performance. Dynamic mechanical analysis demonstrated that 2% MWCNT specimens exhibited superior extension modulus at 40–50 °C, while 1% MWCNT specimens performed better above 65 °C. The transverse shear properties of MWCNT-filled specimens (0%, 1%, and 2% weight fractions) were systematically characterized, revealing storage shear moduli ranging from 105–135 MPa (Gxz direction) to 100-–125 MPa (Gyz direction). Finite element modeling of GFRP-skinned sandwich cylindrical shells revealed that the natural frequencies increased with MWCNT weight fraction due to enhanced transverse shear stiffness, while decreased shell curvature also improved frequencies through passive stiffness contributions. Temperature effects showed natural frequencies declining above 60 °C due to viscoelastic behavior, though MWCNT incorporation significantly preserved thermal stability by maintaining epoxy resin viscosity. Modal damping characteristics increased above 60 °C, reflecting enhanced viscoelastic behavior with MWCNT reinforcement. The critical buckling load analysis demonstrated progressive improvement with increasing MWCNT content, with 2% MWCNT specimens showing maximum buckling resistance up to 60 °C. The study revealed significant differences in natural frequencies and modal loss factors between various shell curvatures and temperatures, particularly under clamped boundary conditions. The successful integration of sustainable hemp fibers with high-performance glass fibers and MWCNT reinforcement presents a promising pathway for environmentally conscious composite materials without compromising structural performance, offering designers flexible solutions for wind turbine components, aerospace structures, helicopter blades, automotive parts, and advanced sporting equipment.