利用循环microrna进行1型糖尿病的个性化疾病改善治疗。

Giuseppina Emanuela Grieco, Francesco Dotta, Guido Sebastiani
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摘要

1型糖尿病(T1D)是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病,其特征是产生胰岛素的胰腺β细胞的免疫介导的进行性破坏。T1D的临床管理由于其异质性和个体对治疗反应的可变性而变得复杂。个性化医疗已经成为解决这些挑战的一种有希望的策略,通过针对个别患者的情况定制干预措施。循环microrna (mirna)是体液中发现的小的非编码rna,代表了包括T1D在内的各种疾病的潜在生物标志物。本文综述了循环mirna在推进T1D个体化治疗中的作用,重点介绍了它们在创新治疗策略反应预测中的应用。我们讨论了血浆中可检测到的关键mirna,它们参与调节免疫反应和β细胞功能,并与疾病发病、进展和治疗反应的患者特异性差异相关,强调了它们在改进治疗策略方面的潜力。我们探索miRNA信号如何通过预测疾病进展、评估并发症易感性和监测对新提出的治疗方法的反应来增强临床决策,从而利用这些更精确和个性化的治疗方案,提高T1D管理的有效性和结果。将循环mirna整合到个性化治疗框架中代表了推进T1D治疗和改善患者预后的变革性机会。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Leveraging circulating microRNAs for personalized disease-modifying therapies in type 1 diabetes.

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease marked by the progressive immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells. The clinical management of T1D is complicated by its heterogeneity and the variability in individual responses to treatment. Personalized medicine has emerged as a promising strategy to address these challenges by tailoring interventions to individual patient profiles. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) - small, non-coding RNAs found in bodily fluids - represent potential biomarkers across various diseases, including T1D. This review examines the role of circulating miRNAs in advancing personalized medicine for T1D, emphasizing on their application in the response prediction of innovative therapeutic strategies. We discuss key miRNAs -detectable in blood plasma- implicated in modulating immune responses and beta-cell function and associated with patient-specific differences in disease onset, progression, and therapeutic responses, underscoring their potential in refining treatment strategies. We explore how miRNA signatures can enhance clinical decision-making by predicting disease progression, assessing susceptibility to complications, and monitoring responses to newly proposed therapies, thus leveraging these more precise and individualized treatment regimens, improving the effectiveness and outcomes of T1D management. The integration of circulating miRNAs into personalized treatment frameworks represents a transformative opportunity to advance T1D care and improve patients' outcomes.

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