两种不同海洋系统中底栖海鸭大尺度深度相关季节分布模式

IF 2.1 3区 生物学 Q1 ORNITHOLOGY
Ibis Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI:10.1111/ibi.13409
Anthony D. Fox, Johanna Osterberg, Ib K. Petersen, Thorsten J. S. Balsby, Nele Markones, Philipp Schwemmer, Stefan Garthe
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引用次数: 0

摘要

换毛和越冬的黑斑斑鹬聚集在大部分未受干扰的浅水海域,捕食在这一时期不繁殖的无底栖生物(主要是双壳类动物)。假设猎物分布均匀,我们预测,7月份,普通斯科特将聚集在最容易获得猎物的最浅水域换羽,在那里潜水成本最低,但随着普通斯科特数量的增加和(潜在的)猎物在冬季耗尽,它们将在整个季节分散到更深的水域(即相对较少的利润)。为了验证这些假设,我们使用了多个航空调查计数数据来研究丹麦奥尔堡堡(在相对隐蔽的地区,受潮汐影响有限)和德国海湾的石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因北海海岸更暴露,高潮汐的分布模式。尽管存在这些生理上的差异,但在这两个地区,鸟类的分布模式相似,平均水深(丹麦从7月的6.3米增加到3月的9.8米,德国6.5-10.3米)、鸟群数量(432 - 1614;48 - 581)和3 × 3公里网格中鸟类所占的百分比(628个网格中15% - 44%;408个网格中1% - 39%)随着季节的进展而显著增加。这些结果支持了我们的假设,即这些消费者分配自己以最大限度地增加他们的营养和能量摄入,同时最小化在两个不同的海洋环境中获得食物的成本,但我们需要在不同的水深对他们的食物供应进行连续采样,以确认这些观察到的模式的原因。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Large-scale depth-related seasonal distribution patterns of a benthic-feeding sea duck in two contrasting marine systems

Large-scale depth-related seasonal distribution patterns of a benthic-feeding sea duck in two contrasting marine systems

Moulting and overwintering Common Scoter Melanitta nigra aggregate in largely undisturbed, shallow-water marine areas, preying upon sessile benthic organisms (mainly bivalves), which do not reproduce during this period of exploitation. Assuming even prey distribution, we predict that Common Scoters would aggregate to moult in shallowest waters with most accessible prey in July, where diving costs were minimal, but would disperse to deeper (i.e. comparatively less profitable) waters through the season as Common Scoter numbers increase and (potentially) as their prey are depleted in winter. To test these hypotheses, we used multiple aerial survey count data to study Common Scoter distribution patterns in Aalborg Bugt, Denmark (in relatively sheltered areas subject to restricted tidal influence), and along the more exposed, highly tidal Schleswig-Holstein North Sea coast in the German Bight. Despite these physical differences, Common Scoters displayed similar distribution patterns in both areas, showing significant increases in mean water depth (from 6.3 m in July to 9.8 m in March in Denmark, 6.5–10.3 m in Germany), number of flock units (432 to 1614; 48 to 581) and the percentage of 3 × 3 km grid squares occupied by birds as the season progressed (15% to 44% of 628 grid cells; 1% to 39% of 408 grid cells). The results support our hypotheses that these consumers distribute themselves to maximize their nutritional and energetic intake, while minimizing costs of gaining food in two contrasting marine environments, but we require sequential sampling of their food supply at differing water depths to confirm the causes of these observed patterns.

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来源期刊
Ibis
Ibis 生物-鸟类学
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
9.50%
发文量
118
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: IBIS publishes original papers, reviews, short communications and forum articles reflecting the forefront of international research activity in ornithological science, with special emphasis on the behaviour, ecology, evolution and conservation of birds. IBIS aims to publish as rapidly as is consistent with the requirements of peer-review and normal publishing constraints.
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