Advances and applications of clinical proteomics in precision medicine.

Introduction: Clinical proteomics has become a pivotal component of precision medicine, significantly advancing the understanding of disease mechanisms and informing therapeutic strategies. This review explores how clinical proteomics is transforming diagnostic and therapeutic approaches across multiple fields.

Areas covered: This review highlights recent developments and applications of clinical proteomics in cardiovascular and neurological disorders, as well as its impact on drug development. Technologies such as mass spectrometry and protein microarrays have enhanced diagnostic precision, facilitated the discovery of novel biomarkers, and uncovered new therapeutic targets. In cardiovascular medicine, proteomics supports early disease detection and patient risk stratification, while in neurology, it helps identify disease-specific protein signatures that guide targeted interventions. The integration of proteomics with databases like Universal Protein Resource (UniProt) and the Human Protein Atlas, alongside the use of advanced bioinformatics tools, has streamlined data analysis and accelerated the design of personalized therapies.

Expert opinion: Clinical proteomics is rapidly evolving, offering unprecedented opportunities to refine diagnostics, personalize therapies, and improve patient outcomes. Overcoming current challenges in standardization and validation will be essential for its full integration into clinical practice.