智能纳米肥料:可持续农业之路。

IF 3.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
Puja Gupta, Hena Dhar, Yudhishther Singh Bagal, Sundeep Jaglan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

与传统肥料相比,纳米肥料提高了养分吸收效率,最大限度地减少了养分损失和环境污染指数,是改善农业生产的最大创新之一。纳米肥料具有高表面积体积比、高溶解度和控释机制等重要特性,可以提高其效率,并有助于减少过度使用和有害径流现象。许多纳米材料,如碳基和金属基纳米材料,已经被探索了它们调节营养物质输送和吸收的潜力。纳米传感器和纳米肥料与精准农业的耦合确保了实时营养监测和有针对性的施肥,这有助于消除浪费,同时提高作物生产力。本文综述了其合成、作用机制、传递途径和对土壤微生物群的影响,包括比较优势和环境影响。考虑到可能的优势,阻碍大规模使用纳米肥料的主要挑战包括潜在的毒性、生产成本、农民采用、可扩展性和法规遵从性。对土壤健康和生态的长期影响有待进一步研究。未来的研究应侧重于开发具有明确监管框架的可生物降解、可持续的纳米肥料。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Smart nano-fertilizers: a path to sustainable agriculture.

Nano-fertilizers are one of the greatest innovations for the improvement of agriculture, promoting nutrient uptake efficiency and minimizing nutrient loss and environmental pollution index as to conventional fertilizers. The important properties of nano-fertilizers that enhance their efficiency and help minimize the phenomena involving overuse and harmful runoff are characterized as a high surface-area-to-volume ratio, high solubility, and controlled-release mechanism. Numerous nanomaterials, such as carbonaceous and metal-based ones, have been explored for their potential to modulate nutrient delivery and absorption. The coupling of nanosensors and nano-fertilizers with precision farming ensures real-time nutrient monitoring with targeted fertilization, which helps to eradicate wastage while improving crop productivity. This review addresses the synthesis, mechanisms of action, delivery pathways, and effects on soil microbiota, including comparative advantages and environmental implications. In viewing the possible advantages, key challenges hindering the mass use of nano-fertilizers include potential toxicity, production costs, farmer adoption, scalability, and regulatory compliance. Long-term effects on soil health and ecology require further study. Future research should focus on developing biodegradable, sustainable nano-fertilizers with clear regulatory frameworks.

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来源期刊
Environmental Geochemistry and Health
Environmental Geochemistry and Health 环境科学-工程:环境
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
4.80%
发文量
279
审稿时长
4.2 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Geochemistry and Health publishes original research papers and review papers across the broad field of environmental geochemistry. Environmental geochemistry and health establishes and explains links between the natural or disturbed chemical composition of the earth’s surface and the health of plants, animals and people. Beneficial elements regulate or promote enzymatic and hormonal activity whereas other elements may be toxic. Bedrock geochemistry controls the composition of soil and hence that of water and vegetation. Environmental issues, such as pollution, arising from the extraction and use of mineral resources, are discussed. The effects of contaminants introduced into the earth’s geochemical systems are examined. Geochemical surveys of soil, water and plants show how major and trace elements are distributed geographically. Associated epidemiological studies reveal the possibility of causal links between the natural or disturbed geochemical environment and disease. Experimental research illuminates the nature or consequences of natural or disturbed geochemical processes. The journal particularly welcomes novel research linking environmental geochemistry and health issues on such topics as: heavy metals (including mercury), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and mixed chemicals emitted through human activities, such as uncontrolled recycling of electronic-waste; waste recycling; surface-atmospheric interaction processes (natural and anthropogenic emissions, vertical transport, deposition, and physical-chemical interaction) of gases and aerosols; phytoremediation/restoration of contaminated sites; food contamination and safety; environmental effects of medicines; effects and toxicity of mixed pollutants; speciation of heavy metals/metalloids; effects of mining; disturbed geochemistry from human behavior, natural or man-made hazards; particle and nanoparticle toxicology; risk and the vulnerability of populations, etc.
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