Personalised Transdermal Therapy for Chronic Pain with Digital Twin Technology.

Digital twin technology has emerged as a breakthrough development in healthcare, providing personalised transdermal drug delivery systems for chronic pain treatment. Digital twins provide accurate, customised therapy to enhance therapeutic outcomes and reduce risks by combining patient-specific computational models. This article aims to explore the applicability of digital twin technology in improving the transdermal delivery of drugs for successful chronic pain management. It is enabling personalised treatment through patient-specific simulations. By integrating physiological data with computational models, digital twins optimise drug absorption, patch application, and dosage adjustments in real-time, enhancing therapeutic outcomes while minimising side effects. Recent advancements highlight improvements in fentanyl patch optimisation, site-specific drug delivery, and thermally controlled systems. However, challenges such as ethical concerns, data security, and standardisation need to be addressed. Future research should focus on integrating AI and IoT to refine digital twin applications in precision medicine. It can be concluded from the findings of various studies that digital twin technology offers a promising future for precise and individualised transdermal drug delivery in chronic pain, paving the way for safer and more effective therapeutic interventions.