印度南部沿海农业土壤中的微塑料和微量元素污染:覆盖和未覆盖农田的比较风险评估。

IF 3.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
Chattanchal Ashwathi, Anish Kumar Warrier, Monalisha Murmu, Udita Priyadarsini, Santhosh Prabhu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究调查了印度南部卡纳塔克邦沿海农业土壤中微塑料(MPs)和微量元素的发生和生态风险。对覆盖(西瓜)地和未覆盖(水稻)地的表层和地下土壤进行了MP丰度、形态、聚合物组成和微量元素分析。微塑料采用衰减全反射-傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)进行鉴定,金属采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)进行定量。扫描电子显微镜与能量色散x射线能谱(SEM-EDS)证实了MP表面的元素关联。采用聚合物危害指数(PHI)、污染负荷指数(PLI)、地质累积指数(Igeo)和潜在生态风险指数(PERI)进行风险评估。结果表明,表层土壤和覆膜地的MP含量较高,且以聚乙烯(PE)为优势聚合物。大多数MPs的尺寸为0.1-0.3 mm(49% -50%)或0.3-1 mm(40-47%)。薄膜是最常见的类型(61%),其次是纤维和碎片,纤维占较深层的主导地位。透明MPs最多,其次是蓝色、白色和黑色。聚合物危害指数(PHI)显示为高风险。微塑料影响系数(CMPI)显示中度影响,而污染负荷指数(PLI)值显示低至中度污染,特别是覆盖土壤的污染水平升高。潜在生态风险指数(PERI)将风险等级划分为低至中等,覆盖地的风险等级也较高。微量元素的浓度顺序为:Fe > Zn > Mn > Cr > Pb。PLI和Igeo显示低至中度污染,而PERI显示低生态风险。这些发现强调了塑料覆盖如何增加MP积累并改变土壤中的金属动力学。MPs和金属的共存引起了人们对土壤健康和食品安全的关注。可持续土地管理和定期监测对于减轻长期风险至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Microplastic and trace element contamination in coastal agricultural soils of southern India: a comparative risk assessment of mulched and unmulched fields.

This study investigates the occurrence and ecological risks of microplastics (MPs) and trace elements in coastal agricultural soils from Karnataka, southern India. Surface and subsurface soils from mulched (watermelon) and unmulched (rice) fields were analyzed for MP abundance, morphology, polymer composition, and trace elements. Microplastics were identified using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and metals were quantified via Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) confirmed elemental associations on MP surfaces. Risk was assessed using the Polymer Hazard Index (PHI), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), and Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI). Results showed higher MP concentrations in surface soils and mulched fields, with polyethylene (PE) as the dominant polymer. Most MPs were 0.1-0.3 mm (49-50%) or 0.3-1 mm (40-47%) in size. Films were the most common type (61%), followed by fibres and fragments, with fibres dominating deeper layers. Transparent MPs were the most abundant, followed by blue, white, and black. The Polymer Hazard Index (PHI) indicated high risk. The Coefficient of Microplastic Impact (CMPI) showed a moderate impact, while the Pollution Load Index (PLI) values for MPs indicated low to moderate pollution, with particularly elevated levels in mulched soils. The Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI) classified risk levels as low to moderate, with higher values also observed in mulched fields. Among trace elements, the concentration followed the order: Fe > Zn > Mn > Cr > Pb. While PLI and Igeo suggested low to moderate contamination, PERI indicated low ecological risk. These findings highlight how plastic mulching increases MP accumulation and alters metal dynamics in soil. The co-occurrence of MPs and metals raises concerns for soil health and food safety. Sustainable land management and regular monitoring are critical to mitigate long-term risks.

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来源期刊
Environmental Geochemistry and Health
Environmental Geochemistry and Health 环境科学-工程:环境
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
4.80%
发文量
279
审稿时长
4.2 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Geochemistry and Health publishes original research papers and review papers across the broad field of environmental geochemistry. Environmental geochemistry and health establishes and explains links between the natural or disturbed chemical composition of the earth’s surface and the health of plants, animals and people. Beneficial elements regulate or promote enzymatic and hormonal activity whereas other elements may be toxic. Bedrock geochemistry controls the composition of soil and hence that of water and vegetation. Environmental issues, such as pollution, arising from the extraction and use of mineral resources, are discussed. The effects of contaminants introduced into the earth’s geochemical systems are examined. Geochemical surveys of soil, water and plants show how major and trace elements are distributed geographically. Associated epidemiological studies reveal the possibility of causal links between the natural or disturbed geochemical environment and disease. Experimental research illuminates the nature or consequences of natural or disturbed geochemical processes. The journal particularly welcomes novel research linking environmental geochemistry and health issues on such topics as: heavy metals (including mercury), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and mixed chemicals emitted through human activities, such as uncontrolled recycling of electronic-waste; waste recycling; surface-atmospheric interaction processes (natural and anthropogenic emissions, vertical transport, deposition, and physical-chemical interaction) of gases and aerosols; phytoremediation/restoration of contaminated sites; food contamination and safety; environmental effects of medicines; effects and toxicity of mixed pollutants; speciation of heavy metals/metalloids; effects of mining; disturbed geochemistry from human behavior, natural or man-made hazards; particle and nanoparticle toxicology; risk and the vulnerability of populations, etc.
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