Research progress on the deactivation mechanism and suppression strategies of Pd-based catalysts for methane oxidation

The adverse impact of greenhouse gases on the environment is intensifying. Methane, the second-largest greenhouse gas, possesses high global warming potential. It is widely utilized as a clean energy source in various applications. However, its complete oxidation is inherently inefficient, leading to the emission of unoxidized methane, which exacerbates the greenhouse effect. Therefore, enhancing the catalytic efficiency of methane oxidation is crucial, with oxidation catalysts playing a pivotal role in this process. Noble metal catalysts demonstrate high catalytic efficiency in methane oxidation reactions. Among these, palladium (Pd) is a highly active catalyst for the complete oxidation of methane, exhibiting excellent activity, selectivity, and stability. However, catalyst deactivation during methane oxidation continues to pose a significant challenge. Understanding the fundamental causes of catalyst deactivation is essential for optimizing the catalyst design, enhancing the performance, extending the lifespan, and reducing costs. In the early stage, the study on catalyst inactivation was limited by characterization techniques and theoretical calculations, and the main focus was on the improvement of catalyst activity, and the study was carried out under static conditions. With the development of science and technology, the study of catalyst deactivation has gradually shifted to the discussion of structural evolution and the deactivation mechanism under dynamic reaction conditions. With the further development of science and technology and the improvement of people's understanding, the study on catalyst deactivation may gradually shift to the research of atomic-level regulation, support interface coordination and other directions in the future. Therefore, this review highlights recent advances in Pd-based catalyst deactivation during the complete oxidation of methane. It presents a comprehensive analysis of reaction mechanisms, deactivation causes, influencing factors, and inhibition strategies, providing theoretical insights and practical guidance for future research.