投票中的偏见:如何利用不公正的选区划分和竞选策略来操纵选民

IF 4.5 3区 管理学 Q1 OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
Sanyukta Deshpande, Ian G. Ludden, Sheldon H. Jacobson
{"title":"投票中的偏见:如何利用不公正的选区划分和竞选策略来操纵选民","authors":"Sanyukta Deshpande,&nbsp;Ian G. Ludden,&nbsp;Sheldon H. Jacobson","doi":"10.1007/s10479-025-06748-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gerrymandering—the deliberate manipulation of electoral district boundaries for political advantage—is a persistent challenge in U.S. elections. In this work, we introduce and analyze Votemandering, a strategic blend of gerrymandering and targeted political campaigning devised to gain more seats by circumventing fairness measures. Votemandering leverages accurate demographic and socio-political data, bolstered by advancements in technology and data analytics, to influence voter decisions in pursuit of subtle gerrymandering strategies. We formulate votemandering as a Mixed Integer Program (MIP) that performs fairness-constrained gerrymandering over multiple election rounds. We analyze the influence of various redistricting constraints and parameters on votemandering efficacy. We explore the interconnectedness of gerrymandering, substantial campaign budgets, and strategic campaigning, illustrating their collective potential to generate biased electoral maps. A case study of Wisconsin State Senate redistricting reveals significant votemandering potential. Our findings underscore the need for reforms in the redistricting process beyond enforcing thresholds for specific fairness metrics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8215,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Operations Research","volume":"352 1-2","pages":"121 - 168"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10479-025-06748-9.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Bias in the ballot: how votemandering exploits gerrymandering and campaign strategies\",\"authors\":\"Sanyukta Deshpande,&nbsp;Ian G. Ludden,&nbsp;Sheldon H. Jacobson\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10479-025-06748-9\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Gerrymandering—the deliberate manipulation of electoral district boundaries for political advantage—is a persistent challenge in U.S. elections. In this work, we introduce and analyze Votemandering, a strategic blend of gerrymandering and targeted political campaigning devised to gain more seats by circumventing fairness measures. Votemandering leverages accurate demographic and socio-political data, bolstered by advancements in technology and data analytics, to influence voter decisions in pursuit of subtle gerrymandering strategies. We formulate votemandering as a Mixed Integer Program (MIP) that performs fairness-constrained gerrymandering over multiple election rounds. We analyze the influence of various redistricting constraints and parameters on votemandering efficacy. We explore the interconnectedness of gerrymandering, substantial campaign budgets, and strategic campaigning, illustrating their collective potential to generate biased electoral maps. A case study of Wisconsin State Senate redistricting reveals significant votemandering potential. Our findings underscore the need for reforms in the redistricting process beyond enforcing thresholds for specific fairness metrics.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":8215,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Annals of Operations Research\",\"volume\":\"352 1-2\",\"pages\":\"121 - 168\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-06\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10479-025-06748-9.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Annals of Operations Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"91\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10479-025-06748-9\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"管理学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annals of Operations Research","FirstCategoryId":"91","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10479-025-06748-9","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

不公正地划分选区——故意操纵选区边界以获得政治优势——是美国选举中一个持续存在的挑战。在这项工作中,我们介绍并分析了votemdering,这是一种混合了gerrymandering和有针对性的政治竞选的策略,旨在通过规避公平措施来获得更多的席位。votemamander利用准确的人口统计和社会政治数据,在技术和数据分析的进步的支持下,影响选民的决定,以追求微妙的不公正划分选区战略。我们将选票篡改制定为混合整数程序(MIP),该程序在多轮选举中执行公平约束的不公正划分。分析了各种重划约束和参数对重划效果的影响。我们探讨了不公正划分选区、大量竞选预算和战略竞选之间的相互联系,说明了它们产生有偏见的选举地图的集体潜力。威斯康辛州参议院重新划分选区的案例研究揭示了巨大的选民舞弊潜力。我们的研究结果强调,选区重划过程需要改革,而不是强制执行特定公平指标的门槛。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Bias in the ballot: how votemandering exploits gerrymandering and campaign strategies

Gerrymandering—the deliberate manipulation of electoral district boundaries for political advantage—is a persistent challenge in U.S. elections. In this work, we introduce and analyze Votemandering, a strategic blend of gerrymandering and targeted political campaigning devised to gain more seats by circumventing fairness measures. Votemandering leverages accurate demographic and socio-political data, bolstered by advancements in technology and data analytics, to influence voter decisions in pursuit of subtle gerrymandering strategies. We formulate votemandering as a Mixed Integer Program (MIP) that performs fairness-constrained gerrymandering over multiple election rounds. We analyze the influence of various redistricting constraints and parameters on votemandering efficacy. We explore the interconnectedness of gerrymandering, substantial campaign budgets, and strategic campaigning, illustrating their collective potential to generate biased electoral maps. A case study of Wisconsin State Senate redistricting reveals significant votemandering potential. Our findings underscore the need for reforms in the redistricting process beyond enforcing thresholds for specific fairness metrics.

求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
Annals of Operations Research
Annals of Operations Research 管理科学-运筹学与管理科学
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
16.70%
发文量
596
审稿时长
8.4 months
期刊介绍: The Annals of Operations Research publishes peer-reviewed original articles dealing with key aspects of operations research, including theory, practice, and computation. The journal publishes full-length research articles, short notes, expositions and surveys, reports on computational studies, and case studies that present new and innovative practical applications. In addition to regular issues, the journal publishes periodic special volumes that focus on defined fields of operations research, ranging from the highly theoretical to the algorithmic and the applied. These volumes have one or more Guest Editors who are responsible for collecting the papers and overseeing the refereeing process.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信