[了解生物学以确定卵巢颗粒细胞肿瘤化疗以外的新治疗靶点]。

IF 0.8
Sil Endale Ahanda, Alexandra Lainé, Brunhilde Hanvic, Quentin Verdet, Léa Ikhlef, Antonella De Palma, Sarah Fieuws, Anthony Ferrari, Eric Cumunel, Nicolas Chopin, Christine Rousset-Jablonski, Léa Rossi, Pierre Meeus, Anne-Agathe Serre, Isabelle Treilleux, Isabelle Ray-Coquard, Olivia Le Saux
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摘要

颗粒细胞瘤(gct)是一种罕见的卵巢肿瘤,占所有卵巢癌的2-5%。已描述了两种组织学类型:幼年型(JGCT)和成年型(AGCT),后者约占gct的95%。agct大多在早期被诊断出来,通常预后良好。然而,在大约三分之一的病例中,gct往往与晚期复发有关,这是一个主要问题。这些复发通常需要反复的手术干预。在这种情况下,全身治疗的效果有限,因此需要确定新的治疗靶点。因此,对这些肿瘤进行更好的生物学表征将使我们能够提出更有针对性的治疗方法。为此,对gct的分子特性进行了研究。大多数agct在FOXL2转录因子序列中含有突变,因此可以研究针对其信号传导的治疗前景,并为这些肿瘤的免疫治疗迈出第一步。由于jgct的稀缺性,对它们的了解更加有限。然而,分子分析显示,约60%的jgct具有AKT1癌基因的基因突变。但其临床意义仍有待探讨。对于两种gct亚型,CDK4/6-Rb1轴是有希望的。因此,探索这些肿瘤的分子特征及其在生物学中的作用可以为靶向和个性化治疗开辟新的途径,从而改善患者护理。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[Understanding biology to identify new therapeutic targets beyond chemotherapy in ovarian granulosa cell tumors].

Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) are rare ovarian neoplasms, accounting for 2-5% of all ovarian cancers. Two histological types have been described: juvenile (JGCT) and adult (AGCT), the latter accounting for around 95% of the GCTs. AGCTs are mostly diagnosed at an early stage and commonly have a good prognosis. However, GCTs tend to be associated with late recurrence in about a third of cases which are a major concern. These recurrences often require repeated surgical interventions. Systemic treatments, for their part, show limited effectiveness in this context, highlighting the need to identify new therapeutic targets. Thus, better biological characterization of these tumors would enable us to propose more targeted treatments. To achieve this, the molecular characteristics of GCTs have been explored. Most AGCTs harbor a mutation in the FOXL2 transcription factor sequence, therefore allowing to investigate therapeutic perspectives targeting its signalling, as well as setting the first steps towards immunotherapy in these tumors. Knowledge of JGCTs is more limited due to their rarity. However, molecular analysis revealed that ∼60% of the JGCTs bore a genetic mutation in the AKT1 oncogene. However, its clinical significance has still to be explored. For both GCTs subtypes, the CDK4/6-Rb1 axis is promising. Consequently, exploring the molecular features and their role in the biology of these tumors could open up new avenues for targeted and personalized therapies, thereby improving patient care.

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