不同放牧压力下野生和家养马的饮食策略:地中海森林管理的见解

IF 2.2 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY
Araceli Gort-Esteve, Jordi Bartolomé Filella, Xènia Roselló Molinero, Ada Torra Burgués, Joan Lluís Riera, Ariadna Nieto-Espinet
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究通过马的进食行为来评估其在地中海森林管理中的潜力。虽然传统上比不上绵羊和山羊等牲畜,但马表现出显著的适应性,使它们成为减少燃料负荷和保持开阔景观的有效媒介。研究结果强调了不同种类马的不同喂养策略。野生普氏野马的马,在一个马赛克景观中,与森林,灌木丛和开阔的草地斑块,主要消耗禾本科植物全年,保持开放的草原对木本植被的影响最小。乡村品种,如Pottoka,通过最初食用高度易燃的禾草类植物,在草耗尽时过渡到木本植物,适应长时间的放牧,有效地管理精细和粗糙的燃料。杂交马在短期高强度放牧和补充饲料的条件下,会迅速从优质燃料转向木本植物。采用显微组织学分析和成分Dirichlet回归对50份新鲜粪便样本进行定量。虽然这项研究没有直接量化植被的变化或可燃生物量的减少,但观察到的饮食变化——特别是木质物种消耗的增加——突出了马在林下管理中的潜在作用。这些结果表明,不同类型的马对饲料的可用性反应灵活,可能有助于降低火灾风险的综合策略,特别是当与其他食草动物或积极管理实践相结合时。总体而言,马是森林管理的一种灵活和自然的工具,初步和探索性证据表明,它们可能通过适应性觅食行为有助于减少燃料,尽管需要进一步的研究来证实植被的影响。它们的使用补充了传统的防火技术,并促进了马匹的半自由,支持将它们纳入可持续景观管理。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Dietary strategies of feral and domestic horses under varying grazing pressures: insights for Mediterranean forest management

This study evaluates the potential of horses in Mediterranean forest management through their feeding behaviours. While traditionally overshadowed by livestock like sheep and goats, horses demonstrate significant adaptability, making them possible effective agents for reducing fuel loads and maintaining open landscapes. The findings highlight distinct feeding strategies among horse types. Feral Przewalski’s horses, in a mosaic landscape, with patches of forest, scrub and open grassland mostly consume graminoids throughout the year, maintaining open grasslands with minimal impact on woody vegetation. Rustic breeds, such as the Pottoka, adapt over extended grazing periods by initially consuming highly flammable graminoids and transitioning to woody plants as grasses deplete, effectively managing both fine and coarse fuels. Crossbred horses, under short-term, high-intensity grazing with supplemental feeding, rapidly shift from fine fuels to woody plants. Diet was quantified from 50 fresh faecal samples using micro-histological analysis and compositional Dirichlet regression. Although the study does not directly quantify vegetation changes or reductions in flammable biomass, the observed dietary shifts—particularly the increased consumption of woody species—highlight horses' potential role in understory management. These results suggest that different horse types respond flexibly to forage availability and may be useful in integrated strategies for reducing fire risk, especially when combined with other herbivores or active management practices. Overall, horses present a flexible and natural tool for forest management, with preliminary and exploratory evidence suggesting that they may contribute to fuel reduction through adaptive foraging behaviour, although further studies are needed to confirm vegetation impacts. Their use complements traditional fire prevention techniques and promotes the semi-freedom of horses, supporting their inclusion in sustainable landscape management.

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来源期刊
Agroforestry Systems
Agroforestry Systems 农林科学-林学
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
9.10%
发文量
78
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: Agroforestry Systems is an international scientific journal that publishes results of novel, high impact original research, critical reviews and short communications on any aspect of agroforestry. The journal particularly encourages contributions that demonstrate the role of agroforestry in providing commodity as well non-commodity benefits such as ecosystem services. Papers dealing with both biophysical and socioeconomic aspects are welcome. These include results of investigations of a fundamental or applied nature dealing with integrated systems involving trees and crops and/or livestock. Manuscripts that are purely descriptive in nature or confirmatory in nature of well-established findings, and with limited international scope are discouraged. To be acceptable for publication, the information presented must be relevant to a context wider than the specific location where the study was undertaken, and provide new insight or make a significant contribution to the agroforestry knowledge base
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