Phase Stability and Electrochemical Properties of Cathode Lithium Ion Batteries Based on xLiFeO2, yLiCoO2, and (1 – x – y)LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2 Ternary Composites

Currently, LiCoO₂ is widely used as cathode in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). However, the relatively high cost and safety problems cause serious approaches for improving the LIBs. Partial substitution of Cobalt by mixing with transition metals, such as Fe, Mn and Ni, can lower costs and improve battery efficiency and also safety. The objective of this research is to prepare a composite with lower cost and better cyclability than the other cathode materials in lithium ion battery. A ternary composition with high efficiency and low cost containing LiFeO₂ and LiCo_1/3Ni_1/3Mn_1/3O₂, was applied instead of pure LiCoO₂ to reduce usage of the percentage Co amount in cathode materials of LIBs, consequently a benefit would be yielded by reducing the cost of cobalt and also by removing its toxic effect in LIBs the environment will be safe. In this study, we synthesized ten samples from mixture of xLiFeO₂, yLiCoO₂, and (1 – x – y)LiCo_1/3Ni_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ compounds for preparing suitable cathode electrodes with high initial discharge capacity, large cyclability and inexpensive cost instead of traditional cathode materials. As a result by using Raman Analysis, X-ray diffraction, and electrochemical analyzing, we found that the LiNi_3/18Co_6/18Mn_3/18Fe_3/18O₂ composite has high efficiency and best performance in viewpoint of initial capacity, cyclability, charge capacity, and discharge capacity among these ten composites. Conduction has been one of the main barriers to further improvements in Li-ion batteries and is expected to remain so for the foreseeable future. In an effort to gain a better understanding of the conduction phenomena in Li-ion batteries and enable breakthrough technologies, a comprehensive survey of conduction phenomena in all components of a Li-ion cell incorporating experimental, and simulation studies, is presented here. Our target of this work is based on fabricating lithium ion batteries with the most performance. This study could help in the development of analytics for products where the lithium ion battery will be used as a component. Also it will help in understanding the optimal usage conditions for their long cycle life. Further, it can be used in designing electronics and battery management systems.