Evaluating Charge Radius and Spin–Orbit Effects in Sn Isotopes Using Density Functional Theory

The energy density functional (EDF) theory is an essential microscopic approach used in theoretical nuclear physics to study the nuclear structure of heavy nuclei on a large scale. In this research, density functional theory (DFT) solvers were utilized to solve self-consistent equations for both spherical and deformed shapes. The effects of spin–orbit density, energy, and charge radius of Sn isotopes were analyzed using the Skyrme Hartree Fock (SHF) and Skyrme Hartree Fock Bogolyubov (SHFB) methods, which take into account pairing interactions that vary with density. The calculated radius for both spherical and deformed states was compared to experimental data to evaluate the influence of deformation. These comparisons are usually performed using the Hartree Fock Bogolyubov (HFB) or the Hartree Fock BCS (HFBCS) method. The consistency of our findings with those obtained from the spherical RMF(Relativistic Mean-Field)-PC code strengthens the reliability of our conclusions. These results are significant as they allow for an accurate assessment of the force distribution within uniform spherical Nuclei.