Quantum correlations, entanglement spectrum in non-Hermitian Tomonaga–Luttinger liquids

Open quantum systems that interact with external environment, leading to non-unitary dynamics are a intriguing topic in recent years. The effective Hermitian Hamiltonian has always a higher dimension than the corresponding non-Hermitian model. In this paper, we investigate quantum correlations and entanglement in some one-dimensional non-Hermitian (NH) quantum systems such as non-Hermitian Tomonaga–Luttinger liquids model. We used effective field theory and bosonization, finite-size scaling approach in conformal field theory to verify the effect of non-Hermitian terms or weak dissipation on entanglement measure of mixed state given by the entanglement negativity $E_N$. Moreover, we analyze entanglement in the quenched Luttinger liquid model with non-Hermitian interaction, which yields supersonic modes and dominant superconducting correlations as well as spin-charge separation.