Jinming Liu , Mengyu Liu , Xiaoyan Yu , Pei-Hui Wang , Xue Guan , Wenbo Huo , Jing Zhang , Minna Cui , Xinhua Li , Xinhe Zhou , Siyu Liu , Cong Wang , Changrui Huang , Jinghua Yu
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2核衣壳蛋白延缓s期细胞周期","authors":"Jinming Liu , Mengyu Liu , Xiaoyan Yu , Pei-Hui Wang , Xue Guan , Wenbo Huo , Jing Zhang , Minna Cui , Xinhua Li , Xinhe Zhou , Siyu Liu , Cong Wang , Changrui Huang , Jinghua Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2025.151671","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as the causative agent of COVID-19 precipitated a global health crisis of unprecedented scale. SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to interfere specifically with S phase progression during early stages of infection. Nucleocapsid (N) is an important structural protein. The abundance and early presence of N suggest that the N protein may play a pivotal role in determining the fate of host cells post-infection, including in cell cycle regulation. Our observations reveal that the SARS-CoV-2 N protein actually induces S phase arrest by promoting S phase entry and simultaneously blocking exit from this phase, which is different from previous report G1/S blockage, others describe G1 and G2/M arrest. Prolonged cell cycle arrest is frequently linked to cell death, while our data suggests the N protein curtails cell proliferation, slowing down cell growth without actively triggering cell death. Intriguingly, removing the N-arm, SR-rich region, CTD, or C-tail each abolishes the N protein’s ability to suppress cell growth, whereas deletion of the NTD does not impact this capability, nor does it affect S phase arrest. All told, the SARS-CoV-2 N protein emerges as a multifunctional actor, not only driving key aspects of viral replication but also exerting significant effects on host cell physiology by modulating cell cycle progression and growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"320 ","pages":"Article 151671"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein delays cell cycle in S-phase\",\"authors\":\"Jinming Liu , Mengyu Liu , Xiaoyan Yu , Pei-Hui Wang , Xue Guan , Wenbo Huo , Jing Zhang , Minna Cui , Xinhua Li , Xinhe Zhou , Siyu Liu , Cong Wang , Changrui Huang , Jinghua Yu\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ijmm.2025.151671\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>The emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as the causative agent of COVID-19 precipitated a global health crisis of unprecedented scale. SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to interfere specifically with S phase progression during early stages of infection. Nucleocapsid (N) is an important structural protein. The abundance and early presence of N suggest that the N protein may play a pivotal role in determining the fate of host cells post-infection, including in cell cycle regulation. Our observations reveal that the SARS-CoV-2 N protein actually induces S phase arrest by promoting S phase entry and simultaneously blocking exit from this phase, which is different from previous report G1/S blockage, others describe G1 and G2/M arrest. Prolonged cell cycle arrest is frequently linked to cell death, while our data suggests the N protein curtails cell proliferation, slowing down cell growth without actively triggering cell death. Intriguingly, removing the N-arm, SR-rich region, CTD, or C-tail each abolishes the N protein’s ability to suppress cell growth, whereas deletion of the NTD does not impact this capability, nor does it affect S phase arrest. All told, the SARS-CoV-2 N protein emerges as a multifunctional actor, not only driving key aspects of viral replication but also exerting significant effects on host cell physiology by modulating cell cycle progression and growth.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50312,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal of Medical Microbiology\",\"volume\":\"320 \",\"pages\":\"Article 151671\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal of Medical Microbiology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S143842212500027X\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MICROBIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S143842212500027X","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein delays cell cycle in S-phase
The emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as the causative agent of COVID-19 precipitated a global health crisis of unprecedented scale. SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to interfere specifically with S phase progression during early stages of infection. Nucleocapsid (N) is an important structural protein. The abundance and early presence of N suggest that the N protein may play a pivotal role in determining the fate of host cells post-infection, including in cell cycle regulation. Our observations reveal that the SARS-CoV-2 N protein actually induces S phase arrest by promoting S phase entry and simultaneously blocking exit from this phase, which is different from previous report G1/S blockage, others describe G1 and G2/M arrest. Prolonged cell cycle arrest is frequently linked to cell death, while our data suggests the N protein curtails cell proliferation, slowing down cell growth without actively triggering cell death. Intriguingly, removing the N-arm, SR-rich region, CTD, or C-tail each abolishes the N protein’s ability to suppress cell growth, whereas deletion of the NTD does not impact this capability, nor does it affect S phase arrest. All told, the SARS-CoV-2 N protein emerges as a multifunctional actor, not only driving key aspects of viral replication but also exerting significant effects on host cell physiology by modulating cell cycle progression and growth.
期刊介绍:
Pathogen genome sequencing projects have provided a wealth of data that need to be set in context to pathogenicity and the outcome of infections. In addition, the interplay between a pathogen and its host cell has become increasingly important to understand and interfere with diseases caused by microbial pathogens. IJMM meets these needs by focussing on genome and proteome analyses, studies dealing with the molecular mechanisms of pathogenicity and the evolution of pathogenic agents, the interactions between pathogens and host cells ("cellular microbiology"), and molecular epidemiology. To help the reader keeping up with the rapidly evolving new findings in the field of medical microbiology, IJMM publishes original articles, case studies and topical, state-of-the-art mini-reviews in a well balanced fashion. All articles are strictly peer-reviewed. Important topics are reinforced by 2 special issues per year dedicated to a particular theme. Finally, at irregular intervals, current opinions on recent or future developments in medical microbiology are presented in an editorial section.