Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Cutoff Score Determination of the Turkish Version of the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool in Recreationally Active Individuals.

Background: Adaptation studies have evaluated ankle instability (AI) across various cultures and sports.

Purpose/hypothesis: The Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) is a valid patient-reported outcome measure used to assess the presence and severity of AI. The current study aimed to adapt the CAIT to the Turkish language, test its psychometric properties, and determine cutoff scores in a Turkish population with AI compared with observations in their healthy counterparts.

Study design: Cohort study (Diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3.

Methods: To evaluate the Turkish version of the CAIT (CAIT-TR), data obtained from 236 recreationally active participants with and without AI were examined. Test-retest reliability, internal consistency, cutoff score, and ceiling and floor effects were assessed.

Results: The test-retest reliability of the CAIT-TR was excellent, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.968 and 0.978 for the right and left ankles, respectively. Cronbach α values for the CAIT-TR were calculated as 0.855 and 0.852 for the right and left ankles, respectively. The discriminative ability and cutoff score of the CAIT-TR were determined by defining the receiver operating characteristic curve and calculating the Youden index for the left and right ankles (0.579 and 0.551, respectively), with a cutoff score of 23.5 and threshold of ≤23.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that the CAIT-TR is a valid and reliable tool for assessing the presence and severity of AI in recreationally active Turkish-speaking individuals. These data should help in providing a practical assessment tool for care in this population.

Registration: NCT05977660 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).