Chung-Wu Lin, Kai-Ming Chang, Wen-Hui Ku, Kuo-Jang Kao
{"title":"肿瘤免疫反应作为乳腺癌无转移生存和免疫检查点抑制治疗的生物标志物：一项回顾性队列研究。","authors":"Chung-Wu Lin, Kai-Ming Chang, Wen-Hui Ku, Kuo-Jang Kao","doi":"10.1177/11782234251363665","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancers (BRCs) can be classified into 6 molecular subtypes based on gene expression profiles. Previous research suggests that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are associated with metastasis-free survival (MFS) in triple-negative and HER2-overexpressing BRC.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our study aims to investigate further how the immune response (IR) may impact MFS in different molecular subtypes of BRC.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A single hospital-based retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A training series of 327 BRCs was used to identify 297 IR transcripts that were correlated with the T cell-associated CD3D transcript or the B cell-associated CD19 transcript. Using these IR transcripts, each of the 6 molecular subtypes was hierarchically clustered into high and low immune responders. An IR score based on the average of the 297 IR transcripts was determined for each BRC. Correlations between the IR score and 3 signatures for IR or response to immune checkpoint inhibition therapy (ICIT) were investigated. A series of 884 BRCs from public datasets was used for confirmation, and the other independent series of 988 BRCs was used for validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For subtype I, high immune responders had a statistically significantly better MFS than low immune responders in all the training, confirmation, and validation series by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (<i>P</i> = .0039, .049, .039, log-rank test). The same trend was observed for subtype II (<i>P</i> = .16, .052, .015) and subtype IV (<i>P</i> = .0078, .0002, .12). Our IR scores were linearly correlated with the Teschendorff, the T-effector and IFNg, and the T-cell inflamed signatures for IR or ICIT. The IR scores were also linearly correlated with the expression of 6 different immune checkpoint genes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Tumor IR is a biomarker for MFS for BRCs of I, II, and IV subtypes. Our study supports the potential use of the IR score for identifying patients responsive to ICIT.</p>","PeriodicalId":9163,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical Research","volume":"19 ","pages":"11782234251363665"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375856/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Tumor Immune Response as a Biomarker for Metastasis-Free Survival of Breast Cancer and Immune Checkpoint Inhibition Therapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.\",\"authors\":\"Chung-Wu Lin, Kai-Ming Chang, Wen-Hui Ku, Kuo-Jang Kao\",\"doi\":\"10.1177/11782234251363665\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancers (BRCs) can be classified into 6 molecular subtypes based on gene expression profiles. Previous research suggests that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are associated with metastasis-free survival (MFS) in triple-negative and HER2-overexpressing BRC.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our study aims to investigate further how the immune response (IR) may impact MFS in different molecular subtypes of BRC.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A single hospital-based retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A training series of 327 BRCs was used to identify 297 IR transcripts that were correlated with the T cell-associated CD3D transcript or the B cell-associated CD19 transcript. Using these IR transcripts, each of the 6 molecular subtypes was hierarchically clustered into high and low immune responders. An IR score based on the average of the 297 IR transcripts was determined for each BRC. Correlations between the IR score and 3 signatures for IR or response to immune checkpoint inhibition therapy (ICIT) were investigated. A series of 884 BRCs from public datasets was used for confirmation, and the other independent series of 988 BRCs was used for validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For subtype I, high immune responders had a statistically significantly better MFS than low immune responders in all the training, confirmation, and validation series by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (<i>P</i> = .0039, .049, .039, log-rank test). The same trend was observed for subtype II (<i>P</i> = .16, .052, .015) and subtype IV (<i>P</i> = .0078, .0002, .12). Our IR scores were linearly correlated with the Teschendorff, the T-effector and IFNg, and the T-cell inflamed signatures for IR or ICIT. The IR scores were also linearly correlated with the expression of 6 different immune checkpoint genes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Tumor IR is a biomarker for MFS for BRCs of I, II, and IV subtypes. Our study supports the potential use of the IR score for identifying patients responsive to ICIT.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":9163,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical Research\",\"volume\":\"19 \",\"pages\":\"11782234251363665\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-24\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375856/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782234251363665\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ONCOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782234251363665","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Tumor Immune Response as a Biomarker for Metastasis-Free Survival of Breast Cancer and Immune Checkpoint Inhibition Therapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Background: Breast cancers (BRCs) can be classified into 6 molecular subtypes based on gene expression profiles. Previous research suggests that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are associated with metastasis-free survival (MFS) in triple-negative and HER2-overexpressing BRC.
Objectives: Our study aims to investigate further how the immune response (IR) may impact MFS in different molecular subtypes of BRC.
Design: A single hospital-based retrospective cohort study.
Methods: A training series of 327 BRCs was used to identify 297 IR transcripts that were correlated with the T cell-associated CD3D transcript or the B cell-associated CD19 transcript. Using these IR transcripts, each of the 6 molecular subtypes was hierarchically clustered into high and low immune responders. An IR score based on the average of the 297 IR transcripts was determined for each BRC. Correlations between the IR score and 3 signatures for IR or response to immune checkpoint inhibition therapy (ICIT) were investigated. A series of 884 BRCs from public datasets was used for confirmation, and the other independent series of 988 BRCs was used for validation.
Results: For subtype I, high immune responders had a statistically significantly better MFS than low immune responders in all the training, confirmation, and validation series by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (P = .0039, .049, .039, log-rank test). The same trend was observed for subtype II (P = .16, .052, .015) and subtype IV (P = .0078, .0002, .12). Our IR scores were linearly correlated with the Teschendorff, the T-effector and IFNg, and the T-cell inflamed signatures for IR or ICIT. The IR scores were also linearly correlated with the expression of 6 different immune checkpoint genes.
Conclusions: Tumor IR is a biomarker for MFS for BRCs of I, II, and IV subtypes. Our study supports the potential use of the IR score for identifying patients responsive to ICIT.
期刊介绍：
Breast Cancer: Basic and Clinical Research is an international, open access, peer-reviewed, journal which considers manuscripts on all areas of breast cancer research and treatment. We welcome original research, short notes, case studies and review articles related to breast cancer-related research. Specific areas of interest include, but are not limited to, breast cancer sub types, pathobiology, metastasis, genetics and epigenetics, mammary gland biology, breast cancer models, prevention, detection, therapy and clinical interventions, and epidemiology and population genetics.
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