Examination of the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on the alzheimer model caused by amiloid β1-42 toxicity in human SHSY5Y cells by in vitro methods.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, chronic disease characterized by impaired cognitive function. Currently, there is no complete cure for ad; current treatments are aimed at reducing symptoms and slowing the progression of the disease. It is thought that the amount of fatty acid consumption and the balance between them may be protective against neurological diseases. In this study, it was aimed to determine the protective effects of Ω3/Ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratios in Aβ_1-42-induced ad model in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. The viability of cells was determined by MTT assay. The percentage of apoptotic cells was determined by FITC-conjugated Annexin-V/PI. ROS, MMP and cell cycle analysis were performed by flow cytometry. The amount of acetylcholinesterase enzyme was measured with a commercial kit. 48 h after the application, a statistically significant decrease was observed in the MTT test in the 1/1, 1/2 and 1/8 groups and in the amount of AChE in the 1/4, 1/8 and 1/16 groups. According to apoptosis findings, all ratios were observed to reduce cell viability compared to the control group. ROS and MMP levels were detected to decrease in all groups compared to the control group. The highest neuroprotective effect against oxidative stress was observed at 1/1 dose. Aβ_1-42 induced blockade of the cell cycle was observed to be partially corrected by 1/8 dose. As a result, it can be said that Ω6 and Ω3 fatty acids, when used in 1/4 and 1/8 doses can provide a protective effect against Alzheimer's disease.