A review on density and surface tension of nanofluids Eine Rezension zur Dichte und Oberflächenspannung von Nanoflüssigkeiten

Nanofluids present unique characteristic density and surface behavior and they can be applied in many devices for better performances due to their enhanced thermophysical properties. Herein, a literature survey of the experimentally determined values for the density and surface tension of nanofluids has been carried out. In addition, accuracy and uncertainty measurements of the reviewed articles are analyzed and compared. Some of the well-known empirical models for estimating density and surface tension are included as well. The results revealed that density of nanofluids followed a same trend, where it showed a direct and an inverse relationship with concentration and temperature, respectively. But for surface tension of nanofluids, inconsistencies have been reported in results for the influence of concentration and temperature. Therefore, due to the increasing importance and use of nanofluids in various industries, it is vital to compile and compare studies on these thermophysical properties to practically utilize nanofluids to their full potential for industrial use.