SSP-CABra—Streamflow Scenarios Projections for Brazilian Catchments

Climate change has significant impacts on hydrological fluxes worldwide, with pronounced effects in Brazil, including intense and recurrent droughts and floods. Accurate streamflow prediction is therefore essential for advancing water resources engineering, improving water resources management, and informing climate adaptation strategies. Here, we introduce the Streamflow Scenarios Projections for Brazilian Catchments (SSP-CABra), which provides long-term to daily streamflow simulations for 735 Brazilian catchments. These simulations are generated using five hydrological models of varying complexity, forced by 10 bias-corrected CMIP6-based climate simulations for historical (1980–2013) and future (2015–2100; SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5) periods. SSP-CABra addresses a critical gap in large-scale hydrological modelling for Brazil, offering valuable insights for researchers and policymakers. Despite its broad applicability, the dataset includes models with varying performance across regions; users should assess model skill locally to ensure appropriate use, particularly for decision-making or extreme event analyses. Still, by leveraging multiple models and climate scenarios, SSP-CABra supports not only the mitigation of climate change impacts on water security, but also advances the understanding of model performance and regional hydrological behaviour.