为什么女性要攻读计算机科学博士学位?

IF 4.1 2区 计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Erika Ábrahám , Miguel Goulão , Milena Vujošević Janičić , Sarah Jane Delany , Amal Mersni , Oleksandra Yeremenko , Özge Büyükdağlı , Karima Boudaoud , Caroline Oehlhorn , Ute Schmid , Christina Büsing , Helen Bolke-Hermanns , Kaja Köhnle , Matilde Pato , Deniz Sunar Cerci , Larissa Schmid
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:即使是现在,计算机科学也只吸引了一小部分女性,而且随着职业发展,该领域的女性比例也在下降。因此,很少有女性在完成硕士学业后继续攻读计算机科学博士学位。在职业生涯的这个阶段赋予女性权力至关重要,这不仅是出于平等的原因,也是为了释放社会、行业和学术界尚未开发的潜力。目的:本文旨在确定学生的职业假设和相关信息的博士研究侧重于性别差异。我们提出了一个项目,告知女硕士生关于博士研究的过程,澄清误解,并减轻担忧。方法:进行了广泛的调查,以确定鼓励和阻碍学生攻读博士学位的因素。分析发现,在攻读博士学位的人和没有攻读博士学位的人之间存在统计学上的显著差异,在统计学上也存在显著的性别差异。制定了一个问题目录,以启动与潜在博士生的讨论,使他们能够探索这些因素。这些活动被组织成一个女性职业午餐项目,学生们可以在这里探索和讨论博士学习的好处。结果:鼓励博士学习的因素包括在早期研究中参与研究而产生的研究兴趣和信心;对计算机科学的热情和自信,以及对学术生涯的兴趣;来自外部的鼓励;以及对博士学习的积极看法,因为博士学习可以实现个人目标。令人沮丧的因素包括不确定和缺乏对博士学位过程的了解,对工作灵活性较低的看法,以及对长期承诺的要求。性别差异突出表明,攻读博士学位的女学生对自己的技术技能的信心低于男学生,但对跨学科领域的偏好更高。与男生相比,女生不太倾向于认为该行业比学术界提供更好的工作机会和更灵活的职业道路。结论:从调查中收集到的见解促进了一个问题目录的发展,该问题目录构成了女性职业午餐计划,以帮助学生在是否应该攻读计算机科学博士学位的问题上做出更明智的决定。该项目以8种语言制作了本地化版本,以支持其在不同国家的采用,并帮助缓解女性代表性不足的挑战。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Why do women pursue a Ph.D. in Computer Science?

Context:

Computer science, even now, attracts a small number of women, and the proportion of women in the field decreases through advancing career stages. Consequently, few women progress to Ph.D. studies in computer science after completing master’s studies. Empowering women at this stage in their careers is essential, not just for equality reasons, but to unlock untapped potential for society, industry and academia.

Objective:

This paper aims to identify students’ career assumptions and information related to Ph.D. studies focused on gender-based differences. We propose a program to inform female master students about Ph.D. studies that explains the process, clarifies misconceptions, and alleviates concerns.

Method:

An extensive survey was conducted to identify factors that encourage and discourage students from undertaking Ph.D. studies. The analysis identified statistically significant differences between those who undertook Ph.D. studies and those who did not, as well as statistically significant gender differences. A catalogue of questions to initiate discussions with potential Ph.D. students which allowed them to explore these factors was developed. These were structured into a Women’s Career Lunch program where students can explore and discuss the benefits of Ph.D. study.

Results:

Encouraging factors towards Ph.D. study include interest and confidence in research arising from a research involvement during earlier studies; enthusiasm for and self-confidence in computer science in addition to an interest in an academic career; encouragement from external sources; and a positive perception towards Ph.D. studies which can involve achieving personal goals. Discouraging factors include uncertainty and lack of knowledge of the Ph.D. process, a perception of lower job flexibility, and the requirement for long-term commitment. Gender differences highlighted that female students who pursue a Ph.D. have less confidence in their technical skills than males but a higher preference for interdisciplinary areas. Female students are less inclined than males to perceive the industry as offering better job opportunities and more flexible career paths than academia.

Conclusions:

The insights collected from the survey facilitated the development of a questions catalogue structured into the Women Career Lunch program to help students make a more informed decision concerning whether they should pursue a Ph.D. in computer science. Localised versions of this program, in 8 languages, were created to support its adoption in different countries and assist in mitigating the female under-representation challenge.
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来源期刊
Journal of Systems and Software
Journal of Systems and Software 工程技术-计算机:理论方法
CiteScore
8.60
自引率
5.70%
发文量
193
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Systems and Software publishes papers covering all aspects of software engineering and related hardware-software-systems issues. All articles should include a validation of the idea presented, e.g. through case studies, experiments, or systematic comparisons with other approaches already in practice. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to: •Methods and tools for, and empirical studies on, software requirements, design, architecture, verification and validation, maintenance and evolution •Agile, model-driven, service-oriented, open source and global software development •Approaches for mobile, multiprocessing, real-time, distributed, cloud-based, dependable and virtualized systems •Human factors and management concerns of software development •Data management and big data issues of software systems •Metrics and evaluation, data mining of software development resources •Business and economic aspects of software development processes The journal welcomes state-of-the-art surveys and reports of practical experience for all of these topics.
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