The impact of CrossFit on low back pain

Purpose

The primary objective of this study was to compare the presence of low back pain in individuals who practice CrossFit and in sedentary individuals. Secondary objectives: 1) To determine whether the practice of CrossFit may be a risk factor for low back pain or, on the contrary, a protective factor; 2) To evaluate the protective or risk factors for low back pain associated with the practice of CrossFit.

Methods

This is an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study. An online questionnaire was distributed with general questions about low back pain and the Oswestry and Roland-Morris questionnaires. 379 responses were collected: 223 CrossFit practitioners and 156 sedentary individuals.

Results

Individuals who engaged in CrossFit training exhibited a significantly lower prevalence of low back pain compared to those who were sedentary (41 % vs 69 %). They also experienced less disability, with better scores on the Oswestry and Roland-Morris questionnaires and less severe pain on the numerical scale. Athletes had fewer annual episodes than sedentary individuals (3 vs 14) and less pain at rest. Individuals who engaged in CrossFit training without the supervision of a trainer were more likely to require additional treatment for their low back pain, in addition to medication.

Conclusion

It can be concluded that individuals engaged in CrossFit training may be afforded greater protection against low back pain than those who lead sedentary lifestyles. It seems that participation in CrossFit without the supervision of a trainer may result in an increased severity of low back pain.