Ultrasound-assisted extraction with water of lyophilized camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) resulted in high antioxidant and antimicrobial inhibition
BACKGROUND
In this study, lyophilized camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) fruits were subjected to ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using water, ammonia solution pH 9.5, and hexane. Each solvent was evaluated following a 23 factorial experimental design to assess the effects of amplitude, solvent-to-solid ratio, and temperature on extract yield and antioxidant potential. The results were compared to those obtained by the conventional method of dynamic maceration (DM). The UAE times were 20 min for water and ammonia solution pH 9.5, and 30 min for hexane.
RESULTS
The highest yield (47.78%) was reached with an amplitude of 90% for water, a solid-to-sample ratio of 22 mL g−1, and a temperature of 35 °C for water. On average, UAE yielded approximately 26% more extract than DM, requiring only one-tenth of the extraction time, resulting in significantly lower energy consumption. Although all extracts exhibited antioxidant activity, the aqueous extract showed the highest value (3056 μmol TE·g−1). Furthermore, it demonstrated stronger antimicrobial activity than ascorbic acid. High concentrations of ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds were also detected in the aqueous extract.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology(JCTB) is an international, inter-disciplinary peer-reviewed journal concerned with the application of scientific discoveries and advancements in chemical and biological technology that aim towards economically and environmentally sustainable industrial processes.