Jordan Brizi Neris, Floriatan Santos Costa, José Arnaldo Santana Costa, Caio Marcio Paranhos
{"title":"巴西东南部流域生态风险评估和潜在有毒元素（pte）修复初步缓解战略的应用（巴西<s:1>奥卡洛斯，SP）","authors":"Jordan Brizi Neris, Floriatan Santos Costa, José Arnaldo Santana Costa, Caio Marcio Paranhos","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14479-4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The contamination of water resources by potentially toxic species (PTEs) is a recurring problem due to rising anthropogenic activities. This study aimed to assess psollution levels and ecological risks, as well as treat surface waters in the Monjolinho watershed surface waters, located in an area of rapid and disorganized development (São Carlos, Brazil). The new HERisk software was applied to execute the ecological risk assessment, while the sample mitigation tests were performed using a mixed matrix membrane (MMM-N7) based on polyethersulfone (PES) and mesoporous material modified with amine groups (NH<sub>2</sub>-MCM-41). The results revealed the presence of natural and anthropogenic enrichment sources along the watershed, such as soil lixiviation, untreated effluents dump, and agricultural runoff. The pollution indices calculated before the mitigation tests showed high water contaminations, mainly of the sampling points after the São Carlos wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The contamination factor (<i>CF</i>) values found for the study region indicated extreme contamination by aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn), whose values were 68.88 and 8.71, respectively, and high contamination by iron (Fe) and moderate contamination by barium (Ba) for the surface waters of Monjolinho, in which the respective <i>CF</i> values were 3.94 and 2.35. On the other side, the Água Quente stream showed the highest <i>CF</i> values for Ba, Mn, and Zn, which correspond to high, extreme, and moderate contamination levels, respectively, with values of 4.27, 24.27, and 1.46. Furthermore, Fe pollution along the Monjolinho River (P2 to P7) gradually increased from moderate to extreme, in which the <i>CF</i><sub><i>P2</i></sub> and <i>CF</i><sub><i>P7</i></sub> values were 1.42 and 7.26, respectively. Therefore, after the mitigation process using the MMM-N7, the ecological risk assessment showed that the pollution levels in the water samples dropped from extreme/high to negligible. For these reasons, the MMM-N7 shows a high potential for mitigating water systems contaminated by PTEs.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\n<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Ecological risk assessment and application of a preliminary mitigation strategy for the remediation of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in a southeastern Brazilian watershed (São Carlos, SP, Brazil)\",\"authors\":\"Jordan Brizi Neris, Floriatan Santos Costa, José Arnaldo Santana Costa, Caio Marcio Paranhos\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10661-025-14479-4\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>The contamination of water resources by potentially toxic species (PTEs) is a recurring problem due to rising anthropogenic activities. This study aimed to assess psollution levels and ecological risks, as well as treat surface waters in the Monjolinho watershed surface waters, located in an area of rapid and disorganized development (São Carlos, Brazil). The new HERisk software was applied to execute the ecological risk assessment, while the sample mitigation tests were performed using a mixed matrix membrane (MMM-N7) based on polyethersulfone (PES) and mesoporous material modified with amine groups (NH<sub>2</sub>-MCM-41). The results revealed the presence of natural and anthropogenic enrichment sources along the watershed, such as soil lixiviation, untreated effluents dump, and agricultural runoff. The pollution indices calculated before the mitigation tests showed high water contaminations, mainly of the sampling points after the São Carlos wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The contamination factor (<i>CF</i>) values found for the study region indicated extreme contamination by aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn), whose values were 68.88 and 8.71, respectively, and high contamination by iron (Fe) and moderate contamination by barium (Ba) for the surface waters of Monjolinho, in which the respective <i>CF</i> values were 3.94 and 2.35. On the other side, the Água Quente stream showed the highest <i>CF</i> values for Ba, Mn, and Zn, which correspond to high, extreme, and moderate contamination levels, respectively, with values of 4.27, 24.27, and 1.46. Furthermore, Fe pollution along the Monjolinho River (P2 to P7) gradually increased from moderate to extreme, in which the <i>CF</i><sub><i>P2</i></sub> and <i>CF</i><sub><i>P7</i></sub> values were 1.42 and 7.26, respectively. Therefore, after the mitigation process using the MMM-N7, the ecological risk assessment showed that the pollution levels in the water samples dropped from extreme/high to negligible. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
由于人类活动的增加，潜在有毒物质对水资源的污染是一个反复出现的问题。本研究旨在评估解决方案的水平和生态风险，以及处理Monjolinho流域的地表水，该地区位于一个快速和无序发展的地区（巴西的s o Carlos）。应用新的HERisk软件进行生态风险评估，同时使用基于聚醚砜（PES）和胺基修饰的介孔材料（NH2-MCM-41）的混合基质膜（mm - n7）进行样品缓解测试。结果表明，流域存在土壤浸出、未经处理的排土场和农业径流等自然和人为富集源。缓解试验前计算的污染指数表明，水的污染程度很高，主要是在 o Carlos污水处理厂（WWTP）之后的采样点。研究区域的污染因子（CF）值表明，蒙若利尼奥地表水受铝（Al）和锰（Mn）污染严重，分别为68.88和8.71；受铁（Fe）污染严重，钡（Ba）污染中等，分别为3.94和2.35。另一方面，Água Quente河流Ba、Mn和Zn的CF值最高，分别对应高、极和中等污染水平，分别为4.27、24.27和1.46。Monjolinho河沿岸（P2 ~ P7）的Fe污染由中等向极端逐渐增加，CFP2和CFP7值分别为1.42和7.26。因此，在使用MMM-N7进行缓解过程后，生态风险评估表明，水样中的污染水平从极端/高降至可忽略不计。由于这些原因，MMM-N7在缓解pte污染的水系统方面显示出很高的潜力。图形抽象
Ecological risk assessment and application of a preliminary mitigation strategy for the remediation of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in a southeastern Brazilian watershed (São Carlos, SP, Brazil)
The contamination of water resources by potentially toxic species (PTEs) is a recurring problem due to rising anthropogenic activities. This study aimed to assess psollution levels and ecological risks, as well as treat surface waters in the Monjolinho watershed surface waters, located in an area of rapid and disorganized development (São Carlos, Brazil). The new HERisk software was applied to execute the ecological risk assessment, while the sample mitigation tests were performed using a mixed matrix membrane (MMM-N7) based on polyethersulfone (PES) and mesoporous material modified with amine groups (NH2-MCM-41). The results revealed the presence of natural and anthropogenic enrichment sources along the watershed, such as soil lixiviation, untreated effluents dump, and agricultural runoff. The pollution indices calculated before the mitigation tests showed high water contaminations, mainly of the sampling points after the São Carlos wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The contamination factor (CF) values found for the study region indicated extreme contamination by aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn), whose values were 68.88 and 8.71, respectively, and high contamination by iron (Fe) and moderate contamination by barium (Ba) for the surface waters of Monjolinho, in which the respective CF values were 3.94 and 2.35. On the other side, the Água Quente stream showed the highest CF values for Ba, Mn, and Zn, which correspond to high, extreme, and moderate contamination levels, respectively, with values of 4.27, 24.27, and 1.46. Furthermore, Fe pollution along the Monjolinho River (P2 to P7) gradually increased from moderate to extreme, in which the CFP2 and CFP7 values were 1.42 and 7.26, respectively. Therefore, after the mitigation process using the MMM-N7, the ecological risk assessment showed that the pollution levels in the water samples dropped from extreme/high to negligible. For these reasons, the MMM-N7 shows a high potential for mitigating water systems contaminated by PTEs.
期刊介绍：
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment emphasizes technical developments and data arising from environmental monitoring and assessment, the use of scientific principles in the design of monitoring systems at the local, regional and global scales, and the use of monitoring data in assessing the consequences of natural resource management actions and pollution risks to man and the environment.
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