{"title":"有缺陷产品,批量出货和部分缺货的EOQ模型","authors":"Harun Öztürk, Ioannis Konstantaras","doi":"10.1007/s10479-025-06669-7","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The existing literature on the economic order quantity (EOQ) problem with backordering does not address the impact of batch shipments on backordering behavior in a business to customer (B2C) environment. This study develops inventory models for a retailer receiving batch shipments and managing inventory through backorders. In this scenario, a large quantity of items is received, some of which are found to be defective. To identify defective items, the retailer conducts a 100% inspection of the goods received. Once inspected, the saleable products are added to the warehouse inventory in batches, rather than individually. The retailer follows a policy of receiving equal-sized batches at regular time intervals, deciding on the number of batches, as well as the ordering and backordering quantities. The analysis explores two approaches for handling defective products, incorporating time-proportioning for the backordering cost and a penalty cost for each lost unit. The classical optimization technique is applied to determine the optimal policy. A numerical example demonstrates the theory, with results showing that partial recovery of customer loyalty and product repair are more profitable approaches.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8215,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Operations Research","volume":"351 3","pages":"1941 - 1988"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10479-025-06669-7.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"EOQ model with defective products, batch shipment and partial backorders\",\"authors\":\"Harun Öztürk, Ioannis Konstantaras\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10479-025-06669-7\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>The existing literature on the economic order quantity (EOQ) problem with backordering does not address the impact of batch shipments on backordering behavior in a business to customer (B2C) environment. This study develops inventory models for a retailer receiving batch shipments and managing inventory through backorders. In this scenario, a large quantity of items is received, some of which are found to be defective. To identify defective items, the retailer conducts a 100% inspection of the goods received. Once inspected, the saleable products are added to the warehouse inventory in batches, rather than individually. The retailer follows a policy of receiving equal-sized batches at regular time intervals, deciding on the number of batches, as well as the ordering and backordering quantities. The analysis explores two approaches for handling defective products, incorporating time-proportioning for the backordering cost and a penalty cost for each lost unit. The classical optimization technique is applied to determine the optimal policy. A numerical example demonstrates the theory, with results showing that partial recovery of customer loyalty and product repair are more profitable approaches.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":8215,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Annals of Operations Research\",\"volume\":\"351 3\",\"pages\":\"1941 - 1988\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-06-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10479-025-06669-7.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Annals of Operations Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"91\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10479-025-06669-7\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"管理学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annals of Operations Research","FirstCategoryId":"91","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10479-025-06669-7","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
EOQ model with defective products, batch shipment and partial backorders
The existing literature on the economic order quantity (EOQ) problem with backordering does not address the impact of batch shipments on backordering behavior in a business to customer (B2C) environment. This study develops inventory models for a retailer receiving batch shipments and managing inventory through backorders. In this scenario, a large quantity of items is received, some of which are found to be defective. To identify defective items, the retailer conducts a 100% inspection of the goods received. Once inspected, the saleable products are added to the warehouse inventory in batches, rather than individually. The retailer follows a policy of receiving equal-sized batches at regular time intervals, deciding on the number of batches, as well as the ordering and backordering quantities. The analysis explores two approaches for handling defective products, incorporating time-proportioning for the backordering cost and a penalty cost for each lost unit. The classical optimization technique is applied to determine the optimal policy. A numerical example demonstrates the theory, with results showing that partial recovery of customer loyalty and product repair are more profitable approaches.
期刊介绍:
The Annals of Operations Research publishes peer-reviewed original articles dealing with key aspects of operations research, including theory, practice, and computation. The journal publishes full-length research articles, short notes, expositions and surveys, reports on computational studies, and case studies that present new and innovative practical applications.
In addition to regular issues, the journal publishes periodic special volumes that focus on defined fields of operations research, ranging from the highly theoretical to the algorithmic and the applied. These volumes have one or more Guest Editors who are responsible for collecting the papers and overseeing the refereeing process.