跨转化研究连续体运动肿瘤学的多学科视角。

Kerry S Courneya, Alejandro Lucia, Anne M May, Helene Rundqvist, Laura Q Rogers
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摘要

运动肿瘤学是一个多学科领域,涵盖了跨转化连续体的研究。该领域的一些主要学科包括生物学、免疫学、生理学、心理学、行为科学、流行病学和临床肿瘤学。在这里,我们简要概述了该领域的临床前研究、观察性研究、介入结果研究、介入行为研究、传播和实施研究以及儿童癌症研究。临床前研究普遍表明,运动可以减少肿瘤生长,主要是通过调节肿瘤微环境。观察性研究普遍表明,较高的诊断后运动与较低的死亡率相关,然而,大多数研究并未考虑运动与其他癌症治疗的组合和顺序。介入结果研究一致证明了强有力的证据,有氧和/或阻力运动对以治愈为目的治疗的成年患者的疲劳、焦虑、抑郁、身体功能和生活质量有有益的影响。儿童癌症研究已证明对心肺健康和肌肉力量有益;然而,证据的质量往往很低。干预行为研究已经确定了多种有效的运动行为改变策略,但由于缺乏多样性,对社会决定因素的关注很少,以及缺乏定制干预措施的知识,证据有限。全球正在进行传播和实施研究,但确定最具成本效益、公平和可持续战略的证据基础有限。尽管存在很大的局限性和研究空白,跨转化连续体的多学科运动肿瘤学研究为癌症患者提供了改善生活质量和可能的生存的循证建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Multidisciplinary perspectives in exercise oncology across the translational research continuum.

Exercise oncology is a multidisciplinary field that encompasses research across the translational continuum. Some of the major disciplines contributing to the field include biology, immunology, physiology, psychology, behavioral science, epidemiology, and clinical oncology. Here, we provide a brief overview of the field under the headings of preclinical studies, observational studies, interventional outcome studies, interventional behavioral studies, dissemination and implementation studies, and childhood cancer studies. Preclinical studies have generally demonstrated that exercise can reduce tumor growth, primarily by modulating the tumor microenvironment. Observational studies have generally demonstrated that higher postdiagnosis exercise is associated with lower rates of mortality, however, most studies have not considered the combination and sequencing of exercise with other cancer treatments. Interventional outcome studies have consistently demonstrated strong evidence that aerobic and/or resistance exercise have beneficial effects on fatigue, anxiety, depression, physical functioning, and quality of life in adult patients treated with curative intent. Childhood cancer studies have demonstrated beneficial effects on cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength; however, the quality of evidence is often low. Interventional behavioral studies have identified multiple effective exercise behavior change strategies, yet the evidence is limited by a lack of diversity, minimal attention to social determinants, and insufficient knowledge to tailor interventions. Dissemination and implementation studies are occurring globally, yet an evidence base identifying the most cost-effective, equitable, and sustainable strategies is limited. Notwithstanding substantial limitations and remaining research gaps, multidisciplinary exercise oncology research across the translational continuum has provided cancer patients with evidence-based recommendations for improving quality of life and possibly survival.

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