Optimization of UV spectrophotometric techniques for tafamidis meglumine detection in pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples: A green chemistry perspective.

Objectives: The primary objective was to develop and validate four novel UV/visible spectrophotometric methods for the quantification of tafamidis meglumine in bulk drug, proprietary capsules, and spiked urine samples, ensuring accuracy, sensitivity, and environmental sustainability for pharmaceutical analysis.

Methods: Four spectrophotometric approaches were established using absorbance and area under the curve (AUC) measurements, employing both zero-order and first-order derivative techniques. Method validation followed ICH guidelines, assessing linearity, accuracy, precision, sensitivity (LOD, LOQ), and greenness. Methanol was used as a green solvent, and eco-friendliness was evaluated using AGREE and ComplexGAPI metrics.

Results: All methods exhibited excellent linearity (R²=0.9980-0.9995) over a 3-18μg/mL range. Accuracy was confirmed with recovery rates between 99.00% and 100.57%. Precision studies yielded %RSD values below 2%, indicating high reproducibility. Sensitivity was demonstrated with LOD and LOQ values from 0.27μg/mL to 2.3μg/mL. The use of methanol minimized environmental impact, and high AGREE and ComplexGAPI scores validated the methods' eco-friendly nature.

Conclusion: The developed spectrophotometric methods are simple, rapid, sensitive, and environmentally sustainable for quantifying tafamidis meglumine in various matrices. These validated approaches set a new standard for green analytical chemistry in pharmaceutical quality control, ensuring both regulatory compliance and reduced environmental footprint.