{"title":"分级和权重分配方法对空间分区的影响评价及驱动机制","authors":"Fangxin Chen , Yurui Li , Yansui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103758","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rational spatial zoning is fundamental to effective territorial governance. However, inconsistencies in grading and weighting methods across existing studies compromise the accuracy and comparability of zoning schemes. To quantify the impact of methodological choices, this study, taking Lingbao County in Henan Province as a case, developed an evaluation index system. Twelve zoning schemes were derived by combined three grading methods (natural breakpoint, threshold, service value accumulation) and four weighting approaches (analytic hierarchy process, entropy weight, Delphi, equal weight). This study then compared the spatial discrepancies among the schemes and employed random forest regression with partial dependence plots to identify driving mechanisms underlying these variations. Results show that grading methods induced spatial inconsistencies up to 316.89 km<sup>2</sup>, with natural breaks favoring ecological spaces and threshold methods identifying more agricultural and urban spaces. Weighting methods caused 232.02 km<sup>2</sup> of variation, where analytic hierarchy process method favoring ecological and urban spaces. Combining grading and weight distribution methods amplifies discrepancies to 509.77 km<sup>2</sup> (13.94 % of the total area). The slope is identified as the most critical factor influencing zoning differences. This study equips researchers and planners with actionable insights to calibrate zoning methods, enhancing objectivity in China's territorial spatial planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48396,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geography","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 103758"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Impact assessment and driving mechanisms of grading and weight distribution methods on spatial zoning\",\"authors\":\"Fangxin Chen , Yurui Li , Yansui Liu\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103758\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Rational spatial zoning is fundamental to effective territorial governance. However, inconsistencies in grading and weighting methods across existing studies compromise the accuracy and comparability of zoning schemes. To quantify the impact of methodological choices, this study, taking Lingbao County in Henan Province as a case, developed an evaluation index system. Twelve zoning schemes were derived by combined three grading methods (natural breakpoint, threshold, service value accumulation) and four weighting approaches (analytic hierarchy process, entropy weight, Delphi, equal weight). This study then compared the spatial discrepancies among the schemes and employed random forest regression with partial dependence plots to identify driving mechanisms underlying these variations. Results show that grading methods induced spatial inconsistencies up to 316.89 km<sup>2</sup>, with natural breaks favoring ecological spaces and threshold methods identifying more agricultural and urban spaces. Weighting methods caused 232.02 km<sup>2</sup> of variation, where analytic hierarchy process method favoring ecological and urban spaces. Combining grading and weight distribution methods amplifies discrepancies to 509.77 km<sup>2</sup> (13.94 % of the total area). The slope is identified as the most critical factor influencing zoning differences. This study equips researchers and planners with actionable insights to calibrate zoning methods, enhancing objectivity in China's territorial spatial planning.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":48396,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Applied Geography\",\"volume\":\"184 \",\"pages\":\"Article 103758\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-20\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Applied Geography\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014362282500253X\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"GEOGRAPHY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Applied Geography","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014362282500253X","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GEOGRAPHY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Impact assessment and driving mechanisms of grading and weight distribution methods on spatial zoning
Rational spatial zoning is fundamental to effective territorial governance. However, inconsistencies in grading and weighting methods across existing studies compromise the accuracy and comparability of zoning schemes. To quantify the impact of methodological choices, this study, taking Lingbao County in Henan Province as a case, developed an evaluation index system. Twelve zoning schemes were derived by combined three grading methods (natural breakpoint, threshold, service value accumulation) and four weighting approaches (analytic hierarchy process, entropy weight, Delphi, equal weight). This study then compared the spatial discrepancies among the schemes and employed random forest regression with partial dependence plots to identify driving mechanisms underlying these variations. Results show that grading methods induced spatial inconsistencies up to 316.89 km2, with natural breaks favoring ecological spaces and threshold methods identifying more agricultural and urban spaces. Weighting methods caused 232.02 km2 of variation, where analytic hierarchy process method favoring ecological and urban spaces. Combining grading and weight distribution methods amplifies discrepancies to 509.77 km2 (13.94 % of the total area). The slope is identified as the most critical factor influencing zoning differences. This study equips researchers and planners with actionable insights to calibrate zoning methods, enhancing objectivity in China's territorial spatial planning.
期刊介绍:
Applied Geography is a journal devoted to the publication of research which utilizes geographic approaches (human, physical, nature-society and GIScience) to resolve human problems that have a spatial dimension. These problems may be related to the assessment, management and allocation of the world physical and/or human resources. The underlying rationale of the journal is that only through a clear understanding of the relevant societal, physical, and coupled natural-humans systems can we resolve such problems. Papers are invited on any theme involving the application of geographical theory and methodology in the resolution of human problems.