Optimal integration of biomass distributed generators for enhancing the reliability and security of the distribution systems using reliable secretary bird optimization algorithm

This paper proposes a new methodology incorporating the secretary bird optimization algorithm (SBOA) to decide the optimal placements, power factors, and capacities of biomass distributed generators (BDGs) in electric distribution systems (EDSs) for enhancing their techno-economic performance involving various classifications of reliability indicators as well as the system security. Because of its improved exploration/exploitation balance, the SBOA can avoid local solutions and achieve better convergence performance. A weighted fitness function to be minimized including energy not supplied (ENS), system average interruption frequency index (SAIFI), system average interruption duration index (SAIDI), system line loading index (LLI), and total net present cost (TNPC) is proposed. Moreover, the uncertainty effect for the commercial, industrial, and residential voltage-dependent load demand (VDLD) models as well as the impact of protective devices are considered. The analysis is performed on two EDSs involving the IEEE-69 bus and the IEEE-118 bus over 24 hours. The suggested approach is assessed via conducting comparison to other recent metaheuristic approaches. The captured results demonstrated the effectiveness of the suggested SBOA in deciding the best locations, power factors, and capacities of the installed biomass DGs. The outcomes validated the suggested SBOA's robustness and efficacy in resolving the addressed issue.