Curcumin nanoparticles ameliorates cardiac toxicity through modulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and DNA damage in rat.

Recent studies have highlighted the toxicological impact of nanoparticles, including their role in malignancies and various organ system dysfunctions, however, the effects of nanoparticles on the cardiovascular system remain underexplored. Their fore; this study designed to investigate the therapeutic effect of Curcumin (Cur) and/or Curcumin nanoparticles (CurNPs) against Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) induced toxicity, DNA damage, oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation in rat cardiac tissues. A total of 60 adult male rats were assigned randomly to 6 groups [1^st Gp, control; 2^nd Gp; Cur; 3^rd Gp, Cur NPs; 4^th Gp, CuONPs; 5^th Gp, CuONPs+Cur; 6^th Gp, CuONPs+CurNPs]. Current results revealed, a significant elevation in serum levels of creatine kinase enzyme (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive proteins (CRP), AST, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, cardiac MDA, nitric oxide (NO), DNA damage, cardiac TNFα expressions and a significant decline in HDL, cardiac total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase, cardiac PCNA, Bcl2 expressions when compared to control. Interestingly, treatment of CuONPs with Cur or CurNPs induced improvements of the studied parameters, heart structure and functions. CuONPs-induced toxicity, injury and oxidative stress in rat heart and the treatment with CurNPs and Cur could scavenge free radicals producing beneficial effects against CuONPs.