Carlos Sanhueza-Sanzana, Carl Kendall, Kasim Allel, Moisés Humberto Sandoval González, Rosa Livia Freitas de Almeida, Italo Wesley Oliveira Aguiar, Lívia Karla Sales Dias, Roberto Justa da Pires Neto, Cristiane Cunha Frota, Francisco Gustavo Silveira Correia, Francisco Herlânio Costa Carvalho, Ivana Cristina de Holanda Cunha Barreto, Marto Leal, Anya Pimentel Gomes Fernandes Vieira-Meyer, George Rutherford, Ligia Kerr
{"title":"在巴西东北部一组妇女中探索寨卡病毒流行与生育能力的关系：社会经济和教育梯度。","authors":"Carlos Sanhueza-Sanzana, Carl Kendall, Kasim Allel, Moisés Humberto Sandoval González, Rosa Livia Freitas de Almeida, Italo Wesley Oliveira Aguiar, Lívia Karla Sales Dias, Roberto Justa da Pires Neto, Cristiane Cunha Frota, Francisco Gustavo Silveira Correia, Francisco Herlânio Costa Carvalho, Ivana Cristina de Holanda Cunha Barreto, Marto Leal, Anya Pimentel Gomes Fernandes Vieira-Meyer, George Rutherford, Ligia Kerr","doi":"10.1590/1980-549720250044","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the association between the Zika virus epidemic, fertility rates, and sociodemographic and behavioral factors influencing birth trends.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort of 1,497 women aged between 15 and 39 years living in arbovirus-endemic areas in Fortaleza, Brazil, was analyzed. Women were enrolled in February 2018 and followed up two times every six months. The total fertility rate (TFR), age-specific fertility rate (ASFR), and mean age at first birth (MAB) were estimated and a multivariate Poisson regression model was used to explore the main factors associated with fertility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TFR was lowest during the epidemic period (2.64, 95%CI 2.06-3.06), increasing in the post-epidemic phase (TFR=3.52, 95%CI 3.18-3.86). Low educational attainment (RR=1.32, TFR=3.69, 95%CI 3.26-4.13), overcrowding (RR=1.27, TFR=3.26, 95%CI 2.98-3.54), and having undergone an abortion (RR=1.85, TFR=4.88, 95%CI 4.31-5.45) were associated with higher fertility rates. Conversely, having had an unwanted pregnancy was associated with reduced fertility (RR=0.81, TFR=2.65, 95%CI 2.41-2.89).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed a slowdown in fertility rates during the epidemic period coincident with human Zika virus transmission with large differences by sociodemographic gradients.</p>","PeriodicalId":74697,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology","volume":"28 ","pages":"e250044"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12333891/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Exploring the Zika virus epidemic's association with fertility in a cohort of women of Northeastern Brazil: socioeconomic and educational gradients.\",\"authors\":\"Carlos Sanhueza-Sanzana, Carl Kendall, Kasim Allel, Moisés Humberto Sandoval González, Rosa Livia Freitas de Almeida, Italo Wesley Oliveira Aguiar, Lívia Karla Sales Dias, Roberto Justa da Pires Neto, Cristiane Cunha Frota, Francisco Gustavo Silveira Correia, Francisco Herlânio Costa Carvalho, Ivana Cristina de Holanda Cunha Barreto, Marto Leal, Anya Pimentel Gomes Fernandes Vieira-Meyer, George Rutherford, Ligia Kerr\",\"doi\":\"10.1590/1980-549720250044\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the association between the Zika virus epidemic, fertility rates, and sociodemographic and behavioral factors influencing birth trends.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort of 1,497 women aged between 15 and 39 years living in arbovirus-endemic areas in Fortaleza, Brazil, was analyzed. Women were enrolled in February 2018 and followed up two times every six months. The total fertility rate (TFR), age-specific fertility rate (ASFR), and mean age at first birth (MAB) were estimated and a multivariate Poisson regression model was used to explore the main factors associated with fertility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TFR was lowest during the epidemic period (2.64, 95%CI 2.06-3.06), increasing in the post-epidemic phase (TFR=3.52, 95%CI 3.18-3.86). Low educational attainment (RR=1.32, TFR=3.69, 95%CI 3.26-4.13), overcrowding (RR=1.27, TFR=3.26, 95%CI 2.98-3.54), and having undergone an abortion (RR=1.85, TFR=4.88, 95%CI 4.31-5.45) were associated with higher fertility rates. Conversely, having had an unwanted pregnancy was associated with reduced fertility (RR=0.81, TFR=2.65, 95%CI 2.41-2.89).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed a slowdown in fertility rates during the epidemic period coincident with human Zika virus transmission with large differences by sociodemographic gradients.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":74697,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology\",\"volume\":\"28 \",\"pages\":\"e250044\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-08\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12333891/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720250044\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720250044","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Exploring the Zika virus epidemic's association with fertility in a cohort of women of Northeastern Brazil: socioeconomic and educational gradients.
Objective: To explore the association between the Zika virus epidemic, fertility rates, and sociodemographic and behavioral factors influencing birth trends.
Methods: A prospective cohort of 1,497 women aged between 15 and 39 years living in arbovirus-endemic areas in Fortaleza, Brazil, was analyzed. Women were enrolled in February 2018 and followed up two times every six months. The total fertility rate (TFR), age-specific fertility rate (ASFR), and mean age at first birth (MAB) were estimated and a multivariate Poisson regression model was used to explore the main factors associated with fertility.
Results: The TFR was lowest during the epidemic period (2.64, 95%CI 2.06-3.06), increasing in the post-epidemic phase (TFR=3.52, 95%CI 3.18-3.86). Low educational attainment (RR=1.32, TFR=3.69, 95%CI 3.26-4.13), overcrowding (RR=1.27, TFR=3.26, 95%CI 2.98-3.54), and having undergone an abortion (RR=1.85, TFR=4.88, 95%CI 4.31-5.45) were associated with higher fertility rates. Conversely, having had an unwanted pregnancy was associated with reduced fertility (RR=0.81, TFR=2.65, 95%CI 2.41-2.89).
Conclusion: We observed a slowdown in fertility rates during the epidemic period coincident with human Zika virus transmission with large differences by sociodemographic gradients.
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