痉挛性脑瘫的下肢肌肉骨骼并发症。

Journal of orthopaedics and sports medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-21 DOI:10.26502/josm.511500196
Alexander Abdou, Eli Spector, Sonam Sidhu, Devendra K Agrawal
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引用次数: 0

摘要

痉挛性脑瘫(CP)经常导致下肢肌肉骨骼并发症,导致活动能力丧失和生活质量下降。这篇综述巩固了目前对这些常见并发症的理解,包括骨畸形(如脊柱侧凸、股前倾、髌骨上翘、踝关节马蹄形)、痉挛和挛缩引起的关节改变(如髋关节半脱位、膝关节屈曲挛缩)、脊柱退变(如颈椎狭窄、腰骶椎滑脱)以及以疼痛和虚弱为表现的神经功能障碍。这些病理通常是进行性的,由运动控制受损、肌肉痉挛和肌肉肌腱单位缩短驱动。通过提供一个全面的框架,本文强调了促进医疗保健提供者识别和理解这些并发症的关键点,最终改善患者的护理和结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Complications of Spastic Cerebral Palsy.

Spastic cerebral palsy (CP) frequently results in lower extremity musculoskeletal complications that cause disabling mobility loss and reduced quality of life. This review consolidates current understanding of these common complications, encompassing bony deformities (e.g., scoliosis, femoral anteversion, patella alta, ankle equinus), joint changes due to spasticity and contractures (e.g., hip subluxation, knee flexion contractures), spinal degeneration (e.g., cervical stenosis, lumbosacral spondylolisthesis), and neurologic dysfunction manifesting as pain and weakness. These pathologies are generally progressive, driven by impaired motor control, muscle spasticity, and shortened muscle-tendon units. By providing a comprehensive framework, this paper highlights the critical points facilitating a healthcare provider to recognize and understand these complications, ultimately improving patient care and outcomes.

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