A holistic genome dataset of bacteria and archaea of mangrove sediments.

Background: Mangroves are one of the most productive marine ecosystems with high ecosystem service value. The sediment microbial communities contribute to pivotal ecological functions in mangrove ecosystems. However, the study of mangrove sediment microbiomes is limited.

Findings: Here, we applied metagenome sequencing analysis of microbial communities in mangrove sediments across Southeast China from 2014 to 2020. This genome dataset includes 966 metagenome-assembled genomes with ≥50% completeness and ≤10% contamination generated from 6 groups of samples. Phylogenomic analysis and taxonomy classification show that mangrove sediments are inhabited by microbial communities with high species diversity. Thermoplasmatota, Thermoproteota, and Asgardarchaeota in archaea, as well as Proteobacteria, Desulfobacterota, Chloroflexota, Acidobacteriota, and Gemmatimonadota in bacteria, dominate the mangrove sediments across Southeast China. Functional analyses suggest that the microbial communities may contribute to carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycling in mangrove sediments.

Conclusions: These combined microbial genomes provide an important complement of global mangrove genome datasets and may serve as a foundational resource for enhancing our understanding of the composition and functions of mangrove sediment microbiomes.