Digitized counterdiabatic quantum optimization for bin packing problem

The bin packing problem (BPP), a classical NP-hard combinatorial optimization challenge, has emerged as a promising application for quantum computing. In this work, we tackle the one-dimensional BPP (1dBPP) using a digitized counterdiabatic quantum approximate optimization algorithm (DC-QAOA) that incorporates counterdiabatic (CD) driving to achieve a 40% higher feasibility ratio than standard QAOA, while reducing quantum resource requirements. We investigate three ansatz schemes -DC-QAOA, CD-inspired ansatz, and CD-mixer ansatz - each integrating CD terms with distinct combinations of cost and mixer Hamiltonians, resulting in different DC-QAOA variants. Numerical simulations demonstrate that these DC-QAOA variants maintain solution accuracy with less than 5% variance across varying iteration numbers, circuit depths, and Hamiltonian step sizes. Moreover, they require approximately 7 to 8 times fewer measurements to achieve comparable precision under the same parameter variations. Experimental validation on a 10-item 1dBPP instance using IBM quantum computers shows the CD-mixer ansatz achieves five times more feasibility solutions and greater robustness against NISQ noise. Collectively, these results establish DC-QAOA as a resource-efficient framework for combinatorial optimization on near-term quantum devices.